Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple Choice Multiple Answers
Answers are provided at the bottom of the page
1) Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
Now, Osvanny Ramos of the Ecole Normale Superieure in Lyon, France, and colleagues say prediction is possible after all. They designed an experiment that induced avalanches in a two-dimensional pile of 4-millimetre-diameter steel beads. They placed a 60-centimetre row of randomly spaced beads between two parallel, vertical glass plates 4.5 millimetres apart, with the beads glued to the bottom to simulate the ground under a natural pile. Then they dropped in one bead at a time, creating piles of up to 55,000 beads. After each drop, the team photographed the pile and measured the position of each bead to calculate the "space factor" - a measure of the disorder in the system, which was related to the space surrounding each bead (see diagram). The greater the disorder round a bead, the more likely an avalanche was. If one or more beads moved when a new bead fell on the pile, that was considered to be an avalanche. An extra-large avalanche involved between 317 and 1000 beads. The researchers found that if the space factor before a bead dropped was greater than it had been 50 steps earlier, they could predict an extra-large avalanche with 64 per cent accuracy. Ramos says that they can improve the odds by analysing more information, such as the size of the pile (Physical Review Letters, vol 102, p078701).
The work could also have important consequences for predicting earthquakes. Ramos has an inkling why forecasting earthquakes is so difficult: seismologist tend to use information about the time and size of events, known as a time series. However, Ramos found that this didn’t help predict the next big avalanche. "When seismologists try to predict earthquakes, they analyse the time series," he says. He argues that they would have more successes analysing data analogous to the internal disorder in the pile of beads.
According to the text, what can we learn from the “space factor”-a measure of the disorder in the system?
A) Space factor is related to the space around each bead, and the greater disorder indicates a higher possibility of an avalanche.
B) The greater the disorder around a bead, the less likely an avalanche was.
C) Internal disorder analysis will lead to a more successful model.
D) They could 100% accurately predict an extra-large avalanche based on the change in the space factor of a bead.
E) Forecasting earthquakes is easier than predicting avalanche.
2) Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
Dennett recognizes that all human minds are shaped not only by natural selection but by enormous cultural influenced which effectively redesign our minds. He invites us to think of the conscious mind as consisting of those mental contents that win in the competition against other mental contents in the battle for control of behaviour. What we are in the “organization of all the competitive activity between a host of competencies” that our bodies have developed. Consciousness is defined by what a mind can do – whether it can concentrate, be distracted, recall earlier events, keep track of a number of things at once etc.. Dennett urges us to resist the temptation to imagine animals as accompanying their clever activities with streams of reflective consciousness as we would. We may not know that they do not, but we certainly cannot assume that they do. He notes that the more we learn about clever activities in animals and how they are accomplished, the less the processes in their brains seem to resemble the thoughts we imagined were doing the work.
According to Dennett, the mind displays which of the following characteristics?
A) Our minds are shaped by natural selection.
B) Our conscious mind tries to control our behaviours.
C) Our minds are not shaped by cultural influences.
D) Animals make decisions based on their conscious minds.
E) A mind cannot concentrate or cannot be distracted.
3) Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites have had important effects on Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on Earth. Twice in the twentieth century, large meteorite objects are known to have collided with Earth. If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period of geological history. This break in Earth's history is marked by a mass extinction when as many as half the species on the planet became extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of years, those great creatures had flourished. Then, suddenly, they disappeared.
In the paragraph, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
A) To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record
B) To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous
C) To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
D) To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster
4) Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
Large wind farms might interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem. Some analysts also contend that the number of birds killed by wind turbines is dwarfed by birds killed by other human-related sources and by the potential loss of entire bird species from possible global warming. Recorded deaths of birds of prey and other birds in wind farms in the United States currently amount to no more than 300 per year. By contrast, in the United States, an estimated 97 million birds are killed each year when they collide with buildings made of plate glass, 57 million are killed on highways each year; at
least 3.8 million die annually from pollution and poisoning, and millions of birds are electrocuted each year by transmission and distribution lines carrying power produced by nuclear and coal power plants.
In the paragraph, why does the author give details about the estimated numbers of birds killed each year?
A) To argue that wind farms should not be built along ridgelines
B) To point out that the deaths of migratory birds exceed the deaths of birds of prey
C) To explain why some environmentalists oppose wind energy
D) To demonstrate the number of birds killed by wind turbines is overestimated
E) To suggest that wind turbines result in relatively few bird deaths
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Reading- Fill in the blanks
Answers are provided at the bottom of the page
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Joseph Engelberger, a pioneer in industrial robotics, once remarked: "I can't ________ a robot, but I know one when I see one." If you consider all the different machines people __________ robots, you can see that it's nearly impossible to come up with a ________ definition. Everybody has a different ___________ of what constitutes a robot.
idea, call, create, complex, need, comprehensive, define, invent
Question 2)
Trees, as ever, are or should be at the heart of all___________ on climate change. The changes in carbon dioxide, in temperature, and in patterns of rainfall will each affect them in many ways, and each parameter_________ with all the others, so between them, these three main__________ present a bewildering range of possibilities.
notes, parameters, chat, discussion, variables, interacts
Question 3)
Recommended energy intakes are difficult to ___________ even among individuals of the same age, sex, weight, height and general pattern of _________ . Therefore the energy requirement for healthy people is often _______ as the amount of energy needed to___________ the status quo.
activity, maintain, expressed, excised, calculate, entities, obtain
Question 4)
The stock of Australia's dwellings is ________ with current homes having more bedrooms on average than homes ten years ago. At the same time, households are getting smaller on average with__________ proportions of couple families with children and___________ couple-only and lone-person households. This article________the changes in household size and number of bedrooms from 1994_95 to 2003_04. It also looks at the types of households with spare bedrooms and the size of recently purchased new homes compared with existing stock.
examines, increasing, predicts, evolving, involving, decreasing
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Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task. (This week most repeated Questions)
Question )
The face, though better preserved than most of the statue, has been battered by centuries of weathering and vandalism. In 1402, an Arab historian reported that a Sufi zealot had disfigured it “to remedy some religious errors.” Yet there are clues to what the face looked like in its prime. Archaeological excavations in the early 19th century found pieces of its carved stone beard and a royal cobra emblem from its headdress. Residues of red pigment are still visible on the face, leading researchers to conclude that at some point, the Sphinx’s entire visage was painted red. Traces of blue and yellow paint elsewhere suggest to Lehner that the Sphinx was once decked out in gaudy comic book colors.
For thousands of years, and buried the colossus up to its shoulders, creating a vast disembodied head atop the eastern edge of the Sahara. Then, in 1817, a Genoese adventurer, Capt. Giovanni Battista Caviglia led 160 men in the first modern attempt to dig out the Sphinx. They could not hold back the sand, which poured into their excavation pits nearly as fast as they could dig it out. The Egyptian archaeologist Selim Hassan finally freed the statue from the sand in the late 1930s. “The Sphinx has thus emerged into the landscape out of shadows of what seemed to be impenetrable oblivion,” the New York Times declared.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice choose multiple answers
Question 1)
Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
Peter Gordon runs Hazel Court school, a special school in Eastbourne for children with severe learning difficulties - 70 per cent of pupils are autistic - on the same site as a mainstream school. He believes his students get the best of both worlds. "We've got specialised staff and superb facilities here. We've got a hydrotherapy pool and a soft play area, but we've also got access to two dining halls, an assembly hall, sports facilities and the library in the mainstream school. "Half our children go to some lessons in the mainstream school, and loads of their youngsters come over to us every day to help with classes. They look at what our children achieve and learn to have respect for them. This is quite a deprived part of Eastbourne, but we've never had one incident of bullying. We share the same uniform and we join in on school trips.
"There is a strong argument for having children with moderate difficulties in mainstream schools, but the curriculum needs to be totally different for children with severe difficulties. I've seen children stuck in a classroom, isolated, where staff have no support and can't call in a psychologist or language therapist. It's heart-breaking. You do need specialised provision, but co-location is definitely the best way to do it.
Which of the following best reflect information and opinion expressed by Peter Gordon?
a) More than half of the students in his schools are autistic and study lessons in the mainstream school.
b) It used to have one incident of bullying in the school but later the situation changed after they joined school trips.
c) It is important to have different curriculum for children with serious obstacles to avoid heart-breaking events that might happen in the school.
d) Many students in his school are dealing with being isolated and could not call in a psychologist or language therapist.
e) Co-location is necessary to help children with difficulties.
Question 2)
Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
The Turks and Caicos Islands are a multi-island archipelago at the southern tip of the Bahamas chain, approximately 550 miles south-east of Florida. The islands are an overseas territory’ of the United Kingdom although they exercise a high degree of local political autonomy. The economy of the islands rests mainly on tourism, with some contribution from offshore banking and fishing. Primary schooling is divided into eight grades, with most pupils entering at the age of four years and leaving at twelve. After two kindergarten years, Grades 1-6 are covered by grade curriculum in maths, language and science that increases in difficulty as pupils get older. There is little repetition and pupils are expected to progress through primary school in their age cohorts. At the end of primary schooling, pupils sit an examination that serves to stream them in the secondary setting. Primary and secondary school enrolment is virtually universal. There are a total of ten government primary schools on the Island. Of these, seven are large enough to organize pupil into single-grade classrooms. Pupils in these schools are generally grouped by age into mixed-ability’s classes. The remaining three schools, because of their small pupil numbers, operate with multigrade groupings.
They serve communities with small populations whose children cannot travel to a neighbouring large primary school. Pupils in these classes span up to three grade and age groups. As far as classroom organization is concerned, the multigrade and monograde classroom are similar in terms of a number of pupils and the general seating arrangements, with pupils in rows facing the blackboard. There is no evidence that the multigrade teachers operate in a particularly resource-poor environment in the Turks and Caicos Island. This is in contrast to studies conducted in other developing country contexts.
According to the text, which of the following statement can be concluded about primary classes in the Turks and Caicos Islands?
a) Most primary pupils are in multigrade classes.
b) Parents can choose to send their children to a multigrade school.
c) Most primary pupils are in mixed-ability classes.
d) Multigrade classes are mostly found in smaller schools
e) Multigrade classes are for the youngest three grades.
Question 3)
Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
The third edition of Words info Type provides an overview of the many processes of transforming the written word into type—from the preparation of the copy to the market-ready work. For the writer, an understanding of the technical problems of copy-editing and typographical style may facilitate his preparation of the manuscript, while a knowledge of the various stages in production may explain what is happening during the seemingly interminable wait for the final printed and bound product. For the editor, copy editor, compositor, proofreader, production writer, or printer, an understanding of the publishing processes outside his particular field may prove equally beneficial, while for the student this survey offers a practical introduction to the world of publishing.
According to the author, why should writers learn about the mechanics of the publishing process?
a) To get benefits in preparation of the manuscript.
b) To understand what is happening with technical problems.
c) To let students gain a practical introduction to the publishing process.
d) To know what is involved to have the final printed and bound product.
e) To provide an introduction of the many processes of transforming the written word into type.
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PTE Practice Questions
Listening- Highlight Correct Summary
Listen to the recording and choose the correct response. You will need to choose only one response.
Question 1)
a) The lecture is mainly about the methods the Mayans used to write with. They often used paper to write on and unfortunately many figures and pottery were stolen by Spanish conquerors.
b) The lecture is mainly about various aspects of the Mayan civilization. They developed exceptional works of architecture as well as a writing system. However, all of these have not survived to present day due to Spanish conquerors.
c) The lecture is mainly about the role of the Spanish in Mayan culture. The Spanish conquerors announce that they defeated the Mayans in battle and then destroyed many of Mayan’s written records.
Question 2)
a) Dolphins have adopted group living as a response to living in close contact with other animals in the ocean, some of which kill dolphins for food. Living in social groups makes it easier to hunt for food and, in a dangerous environment, it makes sense in terms of safety to move about in large numbers.
b) Dolphins, whales and porpoises are all social animals, but some species are more sociable than others. This depends on the environment because a species adopts the lifestyle most suitable for this. Among dolphins, forming groups makes it easier for them to find food, reproduce and gain knowledge. They are safer, too, because dolphins can communicate danger when there are threats around.
c) The speaker explains that whales, dolphins, and porpoises have evolved differently and face different threats. River dolphin numbers are declining, while ocean dolphins are doing well in spite of the threats they face. The reason for this is that ocean dolphins are better adapted for finding food and avoiding predators.
Question 3)
a) The body Global Marine Species Assessment listed endangered ocean species by taking the population size and decline rate into account, and recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity are given, such as reducing fishing quotas.
b) Considering the population size and decline rate of one ocean species is essential with the aim to assess 20,000 species. We need to establish ocean reserves as there is no reserve nowadays.
c) The body Global Marine Species Assessment listed endangered ocean species by taking the population size and geographical distribution into account, and recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity are given, such as establishing migration corridors.
d) The geographical distribution of one endangered species needs to be considered, and the assessed figure is expected to be 1,500. Increasing the number of ocean reserves is critical when retaining ocean biodiversity.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Many shipwrecks have revealed not only vase treasures but also clues as to how people once lived.
b) In 1985, after decades of searching, the Titanic’s final resting place was found. It was 13,000 feet below the ocean’s surface.
c) This is just one example of marine archaeology. Over the years, people have scoured the seas looking for evidence from the past.
d) In 1998, Seahenge was found and similar to Stonehenge, it is an ancient circle of timber located in the waters of Norfolk, England.
e) They have found many artifacts to help them learn about past cultures.
Question 2)
a) For one, a single crop makes a farmer dependent and vulnerable if the value of the crop drops or if there is an outbreak of disease.
b) Initially, this was done to take advantage of new technologies.
c) Monoculture is the growing of a single type of crop by a farmer.
d) By planting row after row of the same crop, farmers were able to significantly increase their yields and thus increase their profits.
e) However, there has been some more recent concern about the use of monoculture.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Lake Turkana is a large lake in Kenya, East Africa. This __________of Africa was home to some of the first humans. Here, archaeologists have found piles of__________ (both human and animal) and collections of stones that humans used as _________. By carefully uncovering and ___________ these remains, scientists have started to put together the story of our earliest ancestors. In 2001, a 4 million-year-old skeleton was uncovered in the area. Although a link between it and modern-day humans has not been established, the skeleton shows the species was walking upright.
part, indicating, weapons, city, remains, tools, bones, examing
Question 2)
Over the years, to increase trade, many countries have _______ free trade agreements with other countries. Under the framework of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and World Trade Organization, countries opened up their borders and agreed to_______ trade barriers, which saw the emergence of International Trade and expanded economic globalization. For example, in 1994, the United States, Mexico, and Canada signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which ultimately ________all tariffs on trade goods between the three nations. This________ globalization of goods and services, as well as people and ideas, between these three countries.
established, remove, used, created, evacuate, forced, removed, allowed
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Question 1)
What killed off the dinosaurs? The end of the Cretaceous Period saw one of the most dramatic mass extinctions the Earth has ever seen. The fossil record shows that throughout their 160 million year existence, dinosaurs took on a huge variety of forms as the environment changed and new species evolved that were suited to these new conditions. Others that failed to adapt went extinct.
But then 66 million years ago, over a relatively short time, dinosaurs disappeared completely (except for birds). Many other animals also died out, including pterosaurs, large marine reptiles, and other sea creatures such as ammonites. Although the number of dinosaur species was already declining, this suggests a sudden catastrophic event sealed their fate, causing unfavourable changes to the environment more quickly than dinosaurs and other creatures could adapt.
The exact nature of this catastrophic event is still open to scientific debate. The catastrophe could have been an asteroid impact, volcanic eruptions or the effect of both, together with more gradual changes in the Earth’s climate over millions of years. Whatever the causes, the huge extinction that ended the age of the dinosaur left gaps in the ecosystem that were subsequently filled by mammals and birds, allowing them to evolve rapidly.
Question 2)
In such an environment, warfare is no longer purely directed against the military potential of adversarial states. It is rather directed at infiltrating all areas of their societies and to threaten their existences. The comparatively easy access to weapons of mass destruction, in particular relatively low-cost biological agents, is of key concern. Both governmental and non- governmental actors prefer to use force in a way that can be characterized as “unconventional” or also as “small wars”. War waged according to conventions is an interstate phenomenon. The “small war” is the archetype of war, in which the protagonists acknowledge no rules and permanently try to violate what conventions do exist. The protagonists of the “small war” observe neither international standards nor arms control agreements. They make use of territories where they do not have to fear any sanctions because there is no functioning state to assume charge of such sanctions or because the state in question is too weak to impose such sanction. This type of war does not provide for any warning time. It challenges not only the external security of the nation-states and international community but also their internal safety.
Question 3)
Being forced to vote reminds me of the old saying "you can lead a horse to water but you can’t make him drink". A democratic country should have the right to decide whether to vote or not. It is time to end compulsory voting for all elections. Very few countries have compulsory voting. It is democratic right not to vote if not so desired. People should not be punished for not voting. Compulsory voting in most elections is farcical. Few people know very much about candidates. The proportional material provided by political parties is all propaganda. You need an informed electorate for compulsory voting to work. Otherwise, it is largely pot luck who gets elected. Unfortunately, in Australia, we do not have an informed electorate. Forcing people to make a decision just means they will make the easiest, quickest decision they can, not the best one. I would rather 80% of people didn’t vote rather than have them all just pick the first name on the ballot sheet. Then at least the government elected by the 20% of who care and make an informed decision as should be convinced by one of the political parties to go and vote for them, not forced to go and get my name mark off the list. The belief is such a free democratic society - shouldn’t one of those freedoms be to say “I don’t wish to vote”. Voting is how democracies pick their governments but compulsory voting attacks the very fundamental of democracy. Australia is the only democracy that has compulsory voting. It is certainly not compulsory in the USA, England, Canada, New Zealand, Philippines or any other European or Asian democracy that I am aware of.
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PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
1) Most stones have capillary passages that suck saltwater from the wet ground. Death Valley provides an ultradry atmosphere and high daily temperatures, which promote evaporation and the formation of salt crystals along cracks or other openings within stones. These crystals grow as long as saltwater is available. Like tree roots breaking a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressures on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, preexisting or incipient fractures, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains. Besides crystal growth, the expansion of halite crystals by heating and of sulphates and similar salts by hydration can contribute additional stresses. A rock durable enough to have served as your great, great, ever so great grandfather's tombstone could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE about the effects of salts on rocks?
a) Salt damage at the seashore is more severe than sale damage in Death Valley.
b) A rock strong enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time could be broken apart by salt weathering.
c) Only two types of salts cause prying and wedging.
d) Salts usually cause damage only in combination with ice.
e) A variety of salts in all kinds of environments can cause weathering.
2) Over the past two years, Aberystwyth University has been calling on the services of Hawksdrift Falconry to control the population of seagulls on the Penglais campus. On Friday 30th January, Hawksdrift Falconry owner Layla Bennett will be giving a seminar to students and staff on the use of falconry as a deterrent to the University’s seagull population. The talk will take place at the Aberystwyth Arts Centre Cinema at 2 pm. During her talk, Layla will look at the impact that falconry has on the seagull population at the University, and aspects of the company. Layla has previously appeared on Dragon’s Den, and on Oxford Street Revealed, where she used her hawk ‘Hope’ to control the pigeon population. Along with ‘Hope’ who appeared at a similar talk on Monday 26 January, she will also be bringing ‘Monty’, her Gyrfalcon. The University has been looking for ways of controlling the seagull population on the Penglais campus, particularly in the area of the Arts Centre piazza. Herring gulls are the most common seagulls on campus. The hawks have been used to deter the seagulls from nesting on buildings on the Penglais campus. In twelve months the presence of the hawks meant that seagull numbers dropped by 50%. Aberystwyth University’s Director of Health and Safety, Phil Maddison said; “It is within our duty of care to our staff and students at Aberystwyth to take preventative measures to reduce the risk of seagull related incidents on campus. We appreciate the protected nature of this species and therefore have opted to use this natural bird dispersal method of population control at the University.”The talk is for the University’s community of students and staff.
According to the writer which of the following will Layla Bennett do at Aberystwyth?
a) She will offer the solutions to deter the seagulls from nesting on the campus.
b) She will take care of and take preventative measures to reduce the risk of seagull.
c) She will investigate the impact that falconry has on the seagull population.
d) She will use her hawk to control the pigeon population and provide a speech on it.
Practice PTE Question
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) It offered proof of what the US psychologist William James noticed more than a century ago- humans “are mere walking bundles of habits”.
b) In 1992 a retired engineer in San Diego contracted a rare brain disease that wiped out his memory.
c) Yet whenever he was hungry he got up and propelled himself straight to the kitchen to get something to eat.
d) Every day he was asked where the kitchen was in his house, and every day he didn’t have the foggiest idea.
e) Studies of this man led scientists to a breakthrough: the part of our brains where habits are stored has nothing to do with memory or reason.
Question 2)
a) By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built airports, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.
b) The war brought many innovations to aviation, including the first jet aircraft and the first liquid-fueled rockets.
c) During the 1920s and 1930s, great progress was made in the field of aviation, including the first transatlantic flight of Alcock and Brown in 1919, Charles Lindbergh's solo transatlantic flight. In 1927, and Charles Kingsford Smith's transpacific flight the following year.
d) One of the most successful designs of this period was the Douglas DC-3, which became the first airliner to be profitable carrying passengers exclusively, starting the modern era of passenger airline service.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
1) One of Australia’s most remarkable natural gifts, the Great Barrier Reef is blessed with the breathtaking beauty of the world’s largest coral reef. The reef contains an __________of marine life and comprises of over 3000 individual reef systems and coral cays and literally hundreds of ___________ tropical islands with some of the world’s most beautiful sun-soaked, golden beaches. Because of its natural beauty, the Great Barrier Reef has become one of the world’s most________ after tourist destinations. A visitor to the Great Barrier Reef can enjoy many________ including snorkelling, scuba diving, aircraft or helicopter tours, bare boats (self-sail), glass-bottomed boat viewing, semi-submersibles and educational trips, cruise ship tours, whale watching and swimming with dolphins.
experience, enough, abundance, sought, picturesque, searched, interesting, angle
2) In the process of studying these techniques, I learned something __________: that there’s far more ________ in our ________than we often give them credit for. I’m not just talking about the fact that it’s possible to memorize lots of __________using memory techniques. I’m talking about a lesson that is more GENERAL and in a way much bigger: that it’s possible, with training and hard work, to teach oneself to do something that might seem really _________.
potential, remarkable, complicated, difficult, data, minds, information, books
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set, performance on nearly every level — productivity, creativity, engagement — improves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success precedes happiness. “Once I get a promotion, I’ll be happy,” they think. Or, “Once I hit my sales target, I’ll feel great.” But because success is a moving target — as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again—the happiness that results from success is fleeting. In fact, it works the other way around: People who cultivate a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the “happiness advantage” — every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive. I’ve observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And I’m not alone: In a meta-analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers Sonja Lyubomirsky, Laura King, and Ed Diener found strong evidence of directional causality between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes. Another common misconception is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one’s general sense of well-being is surprisingly malleable. The habits you cultivate, the way you interact with coworkers, how you think about stress — all these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
1)There isn’t a financial director around who wouldn’t like to __________ cash flow by reducing debtor days- in other words, get customers to pay up faster. In Europe’s top 1,000 quoted companies, nearly one-quarter of all invoices are unpaid at any _________in time, according to recent research carried out by the ASF organization. This means they are sitting on a total of 274 billion overdue debts. Most of this is caused by poor collection practices. According to Jan Porter, ASF’s Managing Director, “You can set up all the systems you want, you can insist on__________ contracts and payment terms, the government can even introduce late payment legislation, but there are always some debtors who ___________ to pay on time. Once payment is overdue, your first step is to talk to your debtor. You should let them know the payment is late and try to find out if there is a dispute about the work, or if your debtor has financial problems. This is OK, but Tim Vainio, a chartered accountant, believes that too many companies are afraid of losing a relationship, and that, before__________ any action; the focus should be on recovering as much money as possible, rather than on preserving a relationship.
Options:
a) achieve, accelerate, decrease, slower
b) point, aspect, place, hour
c) waterproof, watertight, traditional, suitable
d) manage, fail, insist, persist
e) meeting, evaluating, assessing, undertaking
2) In his _________book Carbon Detox, George Marshall argues that people are not persuaded by information. Our views are formed by the views of the people with whom we mix. Of the _________ that might penetrate these circles, we are more likely to listen to those that offer us some reward. A story that tells us that the world is cooking and that we'll have to make sacrifices for the sake of future generations is less likely to be accepted than the more rewarding idea that climate change is a conspiracy hatched by scheming governments and venal scientists, and that strong, independent-minded people should unite to defend their freedoms.
He proposes that instead of arguing for sacrifice, _________ should show where the rewards might lie: that understanding what the science is saying and planning accordingly is the smart thing to do, which will protect your interests more effectively than flinging abuse at scientists. We should __________ the old-fashioned virtues of uniting in the face of a crisis, of resourcefulness and community action. Projects like the transition town’s network and proposals for a green new deal tell a story which people are more willing to hear.
Options:
a) boring, interesting, fascinating, frustrating
b) stories, insights, research, narratives
c) environmentalists, activists, protectors, extremists
d) eliminate, emphasize, repeat, create
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
Every day millions of lights and computers are left on in deserted offices, apartments and houses. Environmental activists say that simply switching them off could cut Sydney’s greenhouse gas emissions by five percent over the next year.Per capita, Australia is one of the world’s largest producers of carbon dioxide and other gases that many scientists believe are helping to warm the Earth’s atmosphere, causing climate upset. A long-standing drought and serious water shortages in Australia have focused much attention on climate change. Some experts warn higher temperatures could leave this nation of 20 million people at the mercy of more severe droughts and devastating tropical cyclones.
One present indicator of climate change in Australia is …
a) Gas emissions
b) Environmental activists
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Drought
e) Oxygen
Question 2)
You can only submit a paper by entering into the 'classroom' of a class in which you are enrolled. Enter the classroom by clicking on the class name in your class portfolio. Your classroom page is divided into two broad sections: to the left is your assignment list and to the right is your portfolio.
In your assignment list, to the right of the assignment that you must submit, you will see an icon of a document beneath the submit column. Click this to submit an assignment. You will now be asked to attach your assignment. Before you submit your assignment, you will need to copy the following declaration and paste at the top of your title page: I declare that this assignment is original and has not been submitted for assessment elsewhere, and acknowledge that the assessor of this assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment:
1. reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another member of faculty; and (or)
2. communicate a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism checking service (which may then retain a copy of this assignment on its database for the purpose of future plagiarism checking).
The process outlined for the submission of papers is mainly intended to address which of the following problems?
a) assignments being misplaced by university staff
b) students copying others' work
c) overcrowding in classrooms at peak times
d) the poor quality of English expression in assignments
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
1) Can dogs tell when we are happy, sad or angry? As a dog owner, I feel ______ not only that I can tell what kind of _________ state my pets are in, but also that they respond to my emotions. Yet as a hard-headed scientist, I try to take a more rational and ________ view. These personal observations seem more likely to result from my _________ for a good relationship with my dogs. The problem is that studying emotional interpretations and responses across two interacting species is very difficult. For one thing, you can’t ask a dog how it’s feeling.
emotional confident reported pragmatic desire eminent operate novel
2) There’s a pointless argument between economists and ecologists over which _______ is more important—the ecosphere or the economy? The materialist ________ is that their fates are interlinked. We know the natural world only by interacting with it and transforming it: nature __________ us that way. Even if, as some supporters of “deep ecology” ________, the earth would be better off without us, it is to us that the task of saving it falls.
provide crisis decreased produced increased greater answer argue
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) In do doing, they discover that these once remote worlds are themselves earth-like in character.
b) During this period of the scientific revolution, a new literary genre arose, namely that of the scientific cosmic voyage.
c) The expanding influence of Copernicanism through the seventeenth century transformed not only the natural philosophic leaning of astronomers but also the store of conceptual material accessible to writers of fiction.
d) Descriptions of these planetary bodies as terrestrial in-kind demonstrate the seventeenth-century intellectual shift from the Aristotelian to the Copernican.
e) Scientists and writers alike constructed fantastical tales in which fictional characters journey to the moon, sun, and planets.
Question 2)
a) Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning, and planning.
b) Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work.
c) Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front.
d) Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been clear that computers would dominate that particular game.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Dennett recognizes that all human minds are shaped not only by natural selection but by enormous cultural influenced which effectively redesign our minds. He invites us to think of the conscious mind as consisting of those mental contents that win in the competition against other mental contents in the battle for control of behavior. What we are is the “organization of all the competitive activity between a host of competences” that our bodies have developed. Consciousness is defined by what a mind can do – whether it can concentrate, be distracted, recall earlier events, keep track of a number of things at once, etc. Dennett urges us to resist the temptation to imagine animals as accompanying their clever activities with streams of reflective consciousness as we would. We may not know that they do not, but we certainly cannot assume that they do. He notes that the more we learn about clever activities in animals and how they are accomplished, the less the processes in their brains seem to resemble the thoughts we imagined were doing the work.
According to Dennett, the mind displays which of the following characteristics?
a) Our minds are shaped by natural selection.
b) Our conscious mind tries to control our behaviors.
c) Our minds are not shaped by cultural influences.
d) Animals make decisions based on their conscious minds.
e) A mind cannot concentrate or cannot be distracted.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
1) Disadvantage in early childhood poses multiple risks to children’s development. Factors such as low socioeconomic status, long-term unemployment of parents, and social isolation may have lasting ________on a child’s chance of reaching their full potential. Whilst not eliminating disadvantage, preschool education can help to_________ the effects of these risk factors and can provide children with a better start to school. However, some of these factors may also be ________ to preschool attendance for groups that would benefit most from preschool education. In Australia, the early years of children’s education are the responsibility of man government and non-government agencies and it occurs in a range of settings. Preschool is aimed at children around four years of age to _________ them for compulsory schooling from the age of six years. In most states and territories, children can start full-time schooling at five years of age, when they enroll in a kindergarten or preparatory year. In 2001, just over half of five-year-olds (57%) were at school with about a third (34%) attending preschool. While in some states and territories children can _______ preschool before they turn four, participation rates for three-year-olds are much lower than four-year-olds (24% compared with 56% for four-year-olds in 2001). The preschool participation rate of four-year-olds in 2001 (56%) was similar to the rate in 1991 (58%).
prepare support lessen commence prevent significance impacts enhance barriers
2) A mini helicopter modeled on flying tree seeds could soon be flying overhead. Evan Ulrich and colleagues at the University of Maryland in College Park turned to the biological world for inspiration to build a scaled-down helicopter that could mimic the properties of full-size aircraft. The complex_______ of full-size helicopters gets less efficient when shrunk,_______ that standard mini helicopters expend most of their power simply fighting to stay stable in the air. The researchers realized that a simpler aircraft designed to stay stable passively would use much less power and reduce manufacturing costs to boot. It turns out that nature ________ _________ them to it. The seeds of trees such as the maple have a single-blade structure that ___________them to fly far away and drift safely to the ground. These seeds, known as samaras, need no engine to through the air, thanks to a process called autorotation. By analyzing the behavior of the samara with high-speed cameras, Ulrich and his team were able to _______ copy its design. The samara copter is not the first single-winged helicopter - one was flown in 1952, and others have been attempted since-but it is the first to take advantage of the samara’s autorotation. This allows Ulrich’s vehicle to perform some neat tricks, such as falling safely to the ground if its motor fails or using vertical columns of air to stay aloft indefinitely. “We can turn off the motor and autorotate, which requires no power to sustain,” says Ulrich.
tells spin allows makes meaning design has flurish had caught beaten
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) During this period of the scientific revolution, a new literary genre arose, namely that of the scientific cosmic voyage.
b) In so doing, they discover that these once remote worlds are themselves earth-like in character.
c) The expanding influence of Copernicanism through the seventeenth century transformed not only the natural philosophic leaning of astronomers but also the store of conceptual material accessible to writers of fiction.
d) Scientists and writers alike constructed fantastical tales in which fictional characters journey to the moon, sun, and planets.
e) Descriptions of these planetary bodies as terrestrial in kind demonstrate the seventeenth-century intellectual shift from the Aristotelian to the Copernican.
Question 2)
a) Children like him involved with child protective services were shown to have consistently low average math and reading standardized test scores.
b) He went to two schools while he was in foster care and one was Barr Beacon School, formerly Barr Beacon Language College, is a mixed comprehensive for foster children.
c) According to the Australian Institute of Family Studies in 2014,11 old boy was unable to live with his family, due to child abuse.
d) One of the recommendations was to send him to his relatives who were willing to take care until he was 18. This resulted in a positive outcome in academic achievement.
e) But upbringing in the foster care system means he has no-one to help him. It's not his fault, yet he is being penalized for something he can't change.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
1) Organisations need to integrate their sales activities more both internally and with customers' needs according to a new book co-authored by an academic at the University of East Anglia. The book ____(a)_____ how sales can help organisations to become more customer oriented and considers how they are responding to challenges such as increasing competition, more ____(b)________customers and a more complex selling environment. Many organisations are facing escalating costs and a growth in customer power,____(c)____ makes it necessary to allocate resources more strategically. The sales function can provide critical customer and market knowledge to help inform both innovation and marketing. However, the authors say that within the industry ____(d)______ is still uncertainty about the shape a future sales team should take, how it should be managed, and how it ___(e)_____ into their organisations business model.
Options:
a) does, addresses, discusses, analysis
b) demanding, attractive, nice, loyal
c) so, that, which, but
d) it, that, there, here
e) flows, taps, rolls, fits
2) Comparing the intelligence of animals of different species is difficult, how do you compare a dolphin and a horse? Psychologists have a technique for looking at intelligence that ___(a)____not require the cooperation of the animal involved. The relative size of an individual's brain is a reasonable indication of intelligence. Comparing__(b)_____ species is not as simple an elephant will have a larger brain than a human simple because it is a large beast,__ (c)______ we use the Cephalization index, which compare the size of an animal's brain to the size of its body. Based on the Cephalization index, the brightest animals on the planet are humans,_____(d)____ by great apes, porpoises and elephants. As a general ____(e)____, animals that hunt for a living (like canines) are smarter than strict vegetarians (you don't need much intelligence to outsmart a leaf of lettuce). Animals that live in social groups are always smarter and have large EQ's than solitary animals.
Options:
a) did, does, do, done
b) over, accross, to, through
c) because, instead, then, otherwise
d) follow, follows, following, followed
e) principal, principle, rule, theory
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
Many advocate legalisation of cannabis, believing that it will eliminate the illegal trade and associated crime, yield a valuable tax-source and reduce policing costs. In 1969, only 16 percent of voters in the USA supported legalization. That number had risen to 36% by 2005. More recent polling indicates that the number has risen even further; in 2009, between 46% and 56% of US voters would support legalization. A Research Centre poll released in 2013, claimed 52 percent of Americans support legalising the drug and only 45 percent oppose legalisation. While support has generally tracked upward over time, it has spiked 11 percentage points since 2010. Research in 2014 shows an increase in the percentage of legalisation supporters, from 52% to 54%.
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the opinion of the author in the text?
a) Many believe that cannabis should be legalised and the number of advocates of is legalisation growing.
b) The percentage of those who support the legalisation of cannabis has grown from 52% to 54%.
c) Many believe that cannabis should be legalised and more and more people support its legalisation as can be seen through many polls and research.
d) The percentage has spiked 12% points since 2014.
Question 2)
The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica. Chocolate, the fermented, beverages dates back to 1900 BC. The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the God of Wisdom, and the seeds had so much value they were used as a form of currency. Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, frothy liquid, mixed with spices, wine or corn puree. It was believed to have powers and to give the drinker strength. After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people. In the 20th century, chocolate was considered a staple, essential in the rations of United States soldiers at war. The word “chocolate” comes from the Classical Nahuatl word chocolātl, and entered the English language from Spanish.
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the text?
a) Chocolate is an ancient drink used by the Aztecs who believed it was valuable and healing.
b) Chocolate reached Europe in the 1900s where it was enjoyed by lower-class Europeans.
c) Chocolate is made from cacao seeds which the Aztecs believed were a gift from the God of Wisdom.
d) Chocolate was originally consumed as a liquid. Later, sugar was added and it became very popular.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question)
Comparing the intelligence of animals of different species is difficult, how do you compare a dolphin and a horse? Psychologists have a technique for looking at intelligence that ____(a)_____not require the cooperation of the animal involved. The relative size of an individual's brain is a reasonable indication of intelligence. Comparing ____(b) ____ species is not as simple an elephant will have a larger brain than a human simple because it is a large beast____(c) _____, we use the Cephalization index, which compares the size of an animal's brain to the size of its body. Based on the Cephalization index, the brightest animals on the planet are humans, ______(d)_____ by great apes, porpoises and elephants. As a general ____(e)_____, animals that hunt for a living (like canines) are smarter than strict vegetarians (you don't need much intelligence to outsmart a leaf of lettuce). Animals that live in social groups are always smarter and have large EQ's than solitary animals.
Options:
a) did, do, done, does
b) across, over, to, through
c) because, then, instead, otherwise
d) follow, follows, followed, following
e) principle, principal, theory, rule
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
When we accept the evidence of our unaided eyes and describe the Sun as a yellow star, we have summed up the most important single fact about it-at this moment in time. It appears probable, however, that sunlight will be the color we know for only a negligibly small part of the Sun’s history. Stars, like individuals, age and change. As we look out into space, We see around us stars at all stages of evolution. There are faint blood-red dwarfs so cool that their surface temperature is a mere 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit, there are searing ghosts blazing at 100, 000 degrees Fahrenheit and almost too hot to be seen, for the great part of their radiation is in the invisible ultraviolet range. Obviously, the “daylight” produced by any star depends on its temperature; today(and for ages to come) our Sun is at about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and this means that most of the Sun’s light is concentrated in the yellow band of the spectrum, falling slowly in intensity toward both the longer and shorter light waves. That yellow “hump” will shift as the Sun evolves, and the light of day will change accordingly. It is natural to assume that as the Sun grows older, and uses up its hydrogen fuel which it is now doing at the spanking rate of half a billion tons a second- it will become steadily colder and redder.
Which of the following statements can be supported by this text?
a) The passage is mainly about the evolutionary cycle of the Sun.
b) Hot stars are referred to as “ghosts because they are nearly invisible.
c) The important thing about the Sun at the present time is that it appears yellow.
d) As the Sun continues to age, it is likely to become colder and redder in color.
e) Sun has a short history and it always remains the same.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Most of the time when I embark on such an investigation, it quickly becomes clear that matters are much more complicated and ambiguous — several shades grayer — than I thought going in. Not this time. The deeper I delved into the confused and confusing thicket of nutritional science, sorting through the long-running fats versus carb wars, the fiber skirmishes and the raging dietary supplement debates, the simpler the picture gradually became. I learned that in fact science knows a lot less about nutrition than you would expect – that in fact nutrition science is, to put it charitably, a very young science. It’s still trying to figure out exactly what happens in your body when you sip a soda, or what is going on deep in the soul of a carrot to make it so good for you, or why in the world you have so many neurons – brain cells! – in your stomach, of all places. It’s a fascinating subject, and someday the field may produce definitive answers to the nutritional questions that concern us, but — as nutritionists themselves will tell you — they’re not there yet. Not even close. Nutrition science, which after all only got started less than two hundred years ago, is today approximately where surgery was in the year 1650 – very promising, and very interesting to watch, but are you ready to let them operate on you? I think I’ll wait awhile.
Most of the time when I embark on such an investigation, it quickly becomes clear that matters are much more complicated and ambiguous — several shades grayer — than I thought going in. Not this time. The deeper I delved into the confused and confusing thicket of nutritional science, sorting through the long-running fats versus carb wars, the fiber skirmishes and the raging dietary supplement debates, the simpler the picture gradually became. I learned that in fact science knows a lot less about nutrition than you would expect – that in fact nutrition science is, to put it charitably, a very young science. It’s still trying to figure out exactly what happens in your body when you sip a soda, or what is going on deep in the soul of a carrot to make it so good for you, or why in the world you have so many neurons – brain cells! – in your stomach, of all places. It’s a fascinating subject, and someday the field may produce definitive answers to the nutritional questions that concern us, but — as nutritionists themselves will tell you — they’re not there yet. Not even close. Nutrition science, which after all only got started less than two hundred years ago, is today approximately where surgery was in the year 1650 – very promising, and very interesting to watch, but are you ready to let them operate on you? I think I’ll wait awhile.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
It probably won’t surprise you to learn that the Leaning Tower of Pisa was never designed to lean. Construction started on the tower, the third structure in Pisa’s cathedral complex, in August of 1173. It was after three of the building’s eight stories had been completed that the uneven settling of the tower’s foundations became obvious. Construction was then paused as war broke out between the Italian city-states. When construction resumed, the engineers tried to compensate for the lean by making the higher stories taller on the short side, but this only served to sink the tower further. The tower’s heaviest bells were then silenced due to fears they would worsen the lean.In 1990, the building was closed for a major straightening scheme which succeeded in reducing the lean to 4.1 metres. Experts say the tower should now remain stable for at least another 200 years.
Choose the best summary for the paragraph
a) The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a beautiful building in Italy. It was never designed to lean but builders made a mistake during construction which was paused due to war between Italian city-states. Engineers tried to fix the lean but failed.
b) The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built in 1173. Its first three stories were uneven, causing the tower to lean. Construction was halted when war broke out. The building was secured in 1990 and hopefully it will last another 200 years. It is a beautiful piece of architecture and history.
c) The Leaning Tower of Pisa leans due to an engineering error. Early efforts to lessen the lean made it worse. More recently the lean was lessened, securing the tower for another two centuries.
Question 2)
A 20% sugar tax could discourage shoppers from buying unhealthier breakfast cereals, new research led by Newfinland University shows. Researchers found demand for sugary cereals fell by 48% if consumers knew a tax was being applied and consumers purchased healthier alternatives. The study, carried out by experts from Newfinland University, examined the impact of both a 20% and 40% tax on unhealthier cereals and soft drinks containing sugar. It also looked at whether telling people they were being taxed influenced the way they shopped. Lead researcher, Damien Rizzo, Professor of Economics at Newfinland University Business School, said: “Our findings suggest a 20% sugar tax would work and lead to large changes in shopping behaviour.”
What factor caused a decrease in demand for high sugar cereals?
a) A 20% tax
b) Knowing how much sugar was in the cereal
c) Knowing a sugar tax was included in the price
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
What is the significance of instinct in business? Does a reliable gut feeling separate winners from losers? And is it the most valuable emotional tool any entrepreneur can possess? My observations of successful company owners lead me to believe that a highly analytical attitude can be a drawback. At critics; junctures in commercial life, risk-taking is more an____________ of faith than a carefully balanced choice. Frequently, such moments require _____________and absolute conviction above all else. There is simply no time to wait for all the facts, or room. for doubt. A computer program cannot tell you how to invent and launch a new ____________ . That journey involves too many unknowns, too much luck - and too much sheer intuition, rather than the infallible _________ that machines deliver so well. As Chekhov said: “An artist's flair is sometimes worth a scientist's brains" - entrepreneurs need right-brain thinking. When I have been considering whether to buy a company and what price to offer, I have been ___________too often by reams of due diligence from the accountants and lawyers. Usually it pays to stand back from such mountains of gray data and weigh up the really important issues - and decide how you feel about the opportunity.
class, blinded, act, product, decisiveness, logic, distress, cover
Question 2)
Paris is very old—there has been a settlement there for at least 6000 years and its shape has been determined in part by the River Seine, and in part by the edicts of France's rulers. But the great boulevards we admire today are relatively new, and were constructed to prevent any more barricades______________ by the rebellious population; that work was carried out in the middle 19th century. The earlier Paris had been_____________ a maze of narrow streets and alleyways. But you can imagine that the work was not only highly expensive, but caused great distress among the half a million or so residents whose houses were _______________ razed, and whose neighborhoods disappeared. What is done cannot usually be undone, especially when buildings are torn ________________ .
in part, down, original, simply, being created, destroy
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Question)
The Western alphabet, which is used in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Australia and New Zealand as well as in other countries, originated in the Middle East. The people who gave the world this alphabet were the Phoenicians, a people who established colonies all over the Mediterranean, including Carthage in Africa and Gades in Spain. In their alphabet, the letters were represented by little pictures which represented sounds. The Phoenician A was Aleph, which means “bull”. and it was made from a little picture of a bull’s head. The letter B was Beth which meant “house”, and showed the round-roofed buildings which you can still see today in Syria. The Phoenicians had contact with another nation of sailors, the Greeks, with whom they fought and traded. The Greeks also started to use the Phoenician alphabet. They changed the names so aleph and beth became alpha and beta. The shapes of the letters are the same but they have been turned sideways. Of course, the first two letters of the alphabet give it its name. Over the years there have been changes. Latin developed an alphabet with some different letters to the Greeks, and other letters have been added since. But really westerners are using the same system of writing which has served them so well for thousands of years.
Which of the following are true statements in accordance with the information given in the above passage?
a) The Greeks turned the letters in a different direction.
b) The purpose of this text is to tell something of the Phoenician history.
c) The Phoenician alphabet was composed of individual signs.
d) Our modern system of writing is similar to the Phoenician alphabet.
e) The Phoenicians came from Carthage.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
With a good system of crop rotation, and especially with the addition of any sort of fertilizer you may be able to come up with, it’s possible to grow crops on a plot of land for upwards of 2-3 years at a time with good results. Ultimately, though, you must let the land rest if you hope to continue farming there in the long-run. Allowing a plot of land to rest for a period of time is known as letting the field go fallow, and there are several reasons for this.
Allowing a field or plot to lie fallow means that you don’t grow anything new on it, don’t harvest anything and don’t graze any animals on the land for at least a year. Sometimes a field will lay fallow for two, there or even four years, but the traditional standard on many farms was to let a field lie fallow once every 2-3 years.
This fallow period allows the land to replenish many of its nutrients. The root networks of various grasses or groundcovers (like clover) have a chance to expand and grow, which further strengthens the soil and protects it from erosion.
During the fallow period, there are many beneficial flora and micro-fauna, including cyanobacteria, which live in the soil. These microorganisms continue to be active at the root level, steadily improving the quality of the soil so that when you come back in a year or two, you can begin planting food or cash crops a new.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) The fire, lasting four days, most likely started with broken gas lines (and, in some cases, was helped along by people hoping to collect insurance for their property—they were covered for fire, but not earthquake, damage).
b) But when calculating destruction, the earthquake took second place to the great fire that followed.
c) At 5:12 a.m. on April 18, 1906, the people of San Francisco were awakened by an earthquake that would devastate the city.
d) The main temblor, having a 7.7-7.9 magnitude, lasted about one minute and was the result of the rupturing of the northernmost 296 miles of the 800-mile San Andreas fault.
Question 2)
a) Reading also is special because, unlike language, most children have to be taught to read, write and spell.
b) Humans appear to be the only species which is able to translate their communication into another medium, and in this case the medium provides a semi-durable record of the elements of the communication.
c) So, Reading also is special because, unlike language, most children have to be taught to read, write and spell.
d) So though we may be predisposed to being able to read and usually have the abilities necessary to master reading, it is something that most of us only accomplish through the direct help of others.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
Future Shock is a book written by the futurist Alvin Toffler in 1970. In the book, Toffler defines the term “future shock” as a certain psychological state of individuals and entire societies. His shortest definition for the term is a personal perception of “too much change in too short a period of time”. The book became an international bestseller, selling over 6 million copies, and has been widely translated. Toffler argued that society is undergoing an enormous structural change, a revolution from an industrial society to a “super-industrial society”. This change overwhelms people, he believed, the accelerated rate of technological and social change leaving people disconnected and suffering from “shattering stress and disorientation” – future shocked. Toffler stated that the majority of social problems are symptoms of future shock. In his discussion of the components of such shock he popularized the term “information overload.”
What would be the most suitable title for the passage?
a) A shocking vision of the future.
b) What is “future shock”?
c) The career of the futurist Alvin Toffler.
d) A changing society.
Question 2)
Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. He was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of the invention, and because of that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory. Edison is the fourth most prolific inventor in history, holding 1,093 US patents in his name, as well as many patents in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. He is credited with numerous inventions that contributed to mass communication and, in particular, telecommunications.
Choose the best heading for the paragraph from the list below.
a) The creator of the first industrial research laboratory.
b) A pioneering and prolific inventor.
c) Edison’s contribution to mass communication.
d) Edison's is credited with few inventions.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question)
Opportunity cost incorporates the notion of scarcity: No matter what we do, there is always a trade-off. We must trade off one thing for another because resources are limited and can be used in different ways. By acquiring something, we use up resources that could have been used to acquire something else. The.........(a)............. of opportunity cost allows us to measure this trade-off. Most decisions.......(b).......... several alternatives. For example, if you spend an hour studying for an economics exam, you have one fewer hour to pursue other activities.
To .......(c)........... the opportunity cost of an activity, we look at what you consider the best of these “other” activities. For example, suppose the alternatives to studying economics are studying for a history exam or working in a job that pays $10 per hour. If you consider studying for history a ......(d)....... use of your time than working, then the opportunity cost of studying economics is the four extra points you could have .....(e)......... on a history exam if you studied history instead of economics. Alternatively, if working is the best alternative, the opportunity cost of studying economics is the $10 you could have earned instead.
Options
a) notion, probability, use, idea
b) include, involve, choose,embrance
c)determine, reduce, rise, grasp
d)best, better, worst, worse
e) mentioned, received, granted, examined
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Question)
Until the mid-20th century, scientists believed that the chest cavity would implode at around 115 feet. Water pressure, they argued, reaches 65 pounds per square inch at that depth, which is enough to shrink lungs to the size of grapefruits and collapse rib cages like empty soda cans. Their theory went out the window in the 1950’s and early 1960’s, however, when divers like Enzo Maiorca returned from beyond 115-feet with rib cages intact. We now know that water pressure forces blood vessels in the chest to swell, filling the void left by the lungs with an incompressible fluid. Among the dangers of free diving, the most disconcerting is shallow-water blackout—the brains frightening tendency to shut down within 15 feet of the surface during the ascent. As you descend, water pressure squeezes your lungs, condensing the oxygen and giving you what feels like a second breath. During the return trip, however, your lungs re-expand, dissipating whats left of your oxygen. If levels drop too low, not enough will move into the bloodstream, and the lights go out. Fortunately, the body’s laryngospasm reflex kicks in to tighten the throat and keep water out for up to a minute—just enough time for your dive buddy to drag you to the surface, tilt your head back, and beg, “Breathe, baby.” Knowing Johnston will be there watching my eyes as I ascend (seeing them roll back in the head is a red flag), I dip below the surface. Staying in the syringe—dive speak for a tight hydrodynamic column—I kick down to 30 feet, my point of neutral buoyancy, and then sink effortlessly to the bottom. I feel good—surprisingly good—thanks to the densely packed oxygen molecules in my lungs. Lingering a moment, I peer up at the mirrored surface that separates this liquid world from mine. Diving to 55 feet was no sweat. I figure I could dive twice that with a little practice, reaching what scientists thought, not 50 years ago, was the body’s depth limit. Today, however, that boundary has been pushed to at least 531 feet (the current no-limits world record), which begs the question: Just how deep can humans go? “We don’t know that yet,” says Lundgren, adding ominously. “But one day someone will find out."
Which of the following is true in respect of the effect of water pressure on humans?
a) Scientists believed that the chest cavity would blow up at a depth of about 115 feet.
b) Rib cages will collapse at the water pressure of 65 pounds per square inch.
c) Blood vessels of the chest enlarge and fill the empty space left by lungs that have been compressed.
d) It is now known that lungs will not shrink with the increase in water pressure.
e) It is no longer believed that the chest cavity will cave in at a depth of about 115 feet.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
According to researchers, the invisibility cloak illusion stems from the belief that we are much more socially observant than the people around us. This means that, while we watch and wonder about other people as much as possible, we often think that people around us are less aware. This illusion occurs because, while we are fully aware of our own impressions and speculations about other people, we have no idea what those other people are thinking unless they close to share with us, something that rarely happens except in exceptional circumstances.
To better understand what is happening, it is important to consider the groundbreaking research by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman on cognitive biases. When people make judgments about other people in social situations, they often depend on specific biases such as the availability heuristic, i.e., that we attach more significance to thoughts that come to mind easily. This is why we consider thoughts about other people as being more important than thoughts about inanimate objects. And so, as we look around us, we tend to focus our thoughts on the people we see and what they happen to be doing. Which is why people-watching can be so addictive.
What adds to the sense that we are relatively invisible to others is that people tend to be as discreet as possible about their people-watching. Just because other people aren’t sharing their observations with us, it’s easy to pretend that they are not as observant as we are. Of course, people many share their people-watching observations with anyone they happen to be with but, for the most part, that only applies to something remarkable enough to comment on. For most of us, what we are seeing tends to be extremely private and not to be shared with others.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Government finances are terminally impaired with uncontrolled fiscal deficits.
b) Industry too is not ready to deliver growth, should even the government pursue the right policies.
c) The fiscal deficit has deteriorated.
d) The current reforms pace is too slow.
e) There are big gaps in perception and capability of managers.
Question 2)
a) Reading also is special because, unlike language, most children have to be taught to read, write and spell.
b)So though we may be predisposed to being able to read and usually have the abilities necessary to master reading, it is something that most of us only accomplish through the direct help of others
c) Humans appear to be the only species which is able to translate their communication into another medium, and in this case the medium provides a semi-durable record of the elements of the communication.
d) So reading is a very special ability that we have.
.
PTE Practice Questions
Listening- Highlight Correct Summary
Listen to the recording and choose the correct response. You will need to choose only one response.
Question 1)
a) The lecture is mainly about the methods the Mayans used to write with. They often used paper to write on and unfortunately many figures and pottery were stolen by Spanish conquerors.
b) The lecture is mainly about various aspects of the Mayan civilization. They developed exceptional works of architecture as well as a writing system. However, all of these have not survived to present day due to Spanish conquerors.
c) The lecture is mainly about the role of the Spanish in Mayan culture. The Spanish conquerors announce that they defeated the Mayans in battle and then destroyed many of Mayan’s written records.
Question 2)
a) Dolphins have adopted group living as a response to living in close contact with other animals in the ocean, some of which kill dolphins for food. Living in social groups makes it easier to hunt for food and, in a dangerous environment, it makes sense in terms of safety to move about in large numbers.
b) Dolphins, whales and porpoises are all social animals, but some species are more sociable than others. This depends on the environment because a species adopts the lifestyle most suitable for this. Among dolphins, forming groups makes it easier for them to find food, reproduce and gain knowledge. They are safer, too, because dolphins can communicate danger when there are threats around.
c) The speaker explains that whales, dolphins, and porpoises have evolved differently and face different threats. River dolphin numbers are declining, while ocean dolphins are doing well in spite of the threats they face. The reason for this is that ocean dolphins are better adapted for finding food and avoiding predators.
Question 3)
a) The body Global Marine Species Assessment listed endangered ocean species by taking the population size and decline rate into account, and recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity are given, such as reducing fishing quotas.
b) Considering the population size and decline rate of one ocean species is essential with the aim to assess 20,000 species. We need to establish ocean reserves as there is no reserve nowadays.
c) The body Global Marine Species Assessment listed endangered ocean species by taking the population size and geographical distribution into account, and recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity are given, such as establishing migration corridors.
d) The geographical distribution of one endangered species needs to be considered, and the assessed figure is expected to be 1,500. Increasing the number of ocean reserves is critical when retaining ocean biodiversity.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Many shipwrecks have revealed not only vase treasures but also clues as to how people once lived.
b) In 1985, after decades of searching, the Titanic’s final resting place was found. It was 13,000 feet below the ocean’s surface.
c) This is just one example of marine archaeology. Over the years, people have scoured the seas looking for evidence from the past.
d) In 1998, Seahenge was found and similar to Stonehenge, it is an ancient circle of timber located in the waters of Norfolk, England.
e) They have found many artifacts to help them learn about past cultures.
Question 2)
a) For one, a single crop makes a farmer dependent and vulnerable if the value of the crop drops or if there is an outbreak of disease.
b) Initially, this was done to take advantage of new technologies.
c) Monoculture is the growing of a single type of crop by a farmer.
d) By planting row after row of the same crop, farmers were able to significantly increase their yields and thus increase their profits.
e) However, there has been some more recent concern about the use of monoculture.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Lake Turkana is a large lake in Kenya, East Africa. This __________of Africa was home to some of the first humans. Here, archaeologists have found piles of__________ (both human and animal) and collections of stones that humans used as _________. By carefully uncovering and ___________ these remains, scientists have started to put together the story of our earliest ancestors. In 2001, a 4 million-year-old skeleton was uncovered in the area. Although a link between it and modern-day humans has not been established, the skeleton shows the species was walking upright.
part, indicating, weapons, city, remains, tools, bones, examing
Question 2)
Over the years, to increase trade, many countries have _______ free trade agreements with other countries. Under the framework of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and World Trade Organization, countries opened up their borders and agreed to_______ trade barriers, which saw the emergence of International Trade and expanded economic globalization. For example, in 1994, the United States, Mexico, and Canada signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which ultimately ________all tariffs on trade goods between the three nations. This________ globalization of goods and services, as well as people and ideas, between these three countries.
established, remove, used, created, evacuate, forced, removed, allowed
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Question 1)
What killed off the dinosaurs? The end of the Cretaceous Period saw one of the most dramatic mass extinctions the Earth has ever seen. The fossil record shows that throughout their 160 million year existence, dinosaurs took on a huge variety of forms as the environment changed and new species evolved that were suited to these new conditions. Others that failed to adapt went extinct.
But then 66 million years ago, over a relatively short time, dinosaurs disappeared completely (except for birds). Many other animals also died out, including pterosaurs, large marine reptiles, and other sea creatures such as ammonites. Although the number of dinosaur species was already declining, this suggests a sudden catastrophic event sealed their fate, causing unfavourable changes to the environment more quickly than dinosaurs and other creatures could adapt.
The exact nature of this catastrophic event is still open to scientific debate. The catastrophe could have been an asteroid impact, volcanic eruptions or the effect of both, together with more gradual changes in the Earth’s climate over millions of years. Whatever the causes, the huge extinction that ended the age of the dinosaur left gaps in the ecosystem that were subsequently filled by mammals and birds, allowing them to evolve rapidly.
Question 2)
In such an environment, warfare is no longer purely directed against the military potential of adversarial states. It is rather directed at infiltrating all areas of their societies and to threaten their existences. The comparatively easy access to weapons of mass destruction, in particular relatively low-cost biological agents, is of key concern. Both governmental and non- governmental actors prefer to use force in a way that can be characterized as “unconventional” or also as “small wars”. War waged according to conventions is an interstate phenomenon. The “small war” is the archetype of war, in which the protagonists acknowledge no rules and permanently try to violate what conventions do exist. The protagonists of the “small war” observe neither international standards nor arms control agreements. They make use of territories where they do not have to fear any sanctions because there is no functioning state to assume charge of such sanctions or because the state in question is too weak to impose such sanction. This type of war does not provide for any warning time. It challenges not only the external security of the nation-states and international community but also their internal safety.
Question 3)
Being forced to vote reminds me of the old saying "you can lead a horse to water but you can’t make him drink". A democratic country should have the right to decide whether to vote or not. It is time to end compulsory voting for all elections. Very few countries have compulsory voting. It is democratic right not to vote if not so desired. People should not be punished for not voting. Compulsory voting in most elections is farcical. Few people know very much about candidates. The proportional material provided by political parties is all propaganda. You need an informed electorate for compulsory voting to work. Otherwise, it is largely pot luck who gets elected. Unfortunately, in Australia, we do not have an informed electorate. Forcing people to make a decision just means they will make the easiest, quickest decision they can, not the best one. I would rather 80% of people didn’t vote rather than have them all just pick the first name on the ballot sheet. Then at least the government elected by the 20% of who care and make an informed decision as should be convinced by one of the political parties to go and vote for them, not forced to go and get my name mark off the list. The belief is such a free democratic society - shouldn’t one of those freedoms be to say “I don’t wish to vote”. Voting is how democracies pick their governments but compulsory voting attacks the very fundamental of democracy. Australia is the only democracy that has compulsory voting. It is certainly not compulsory in the USA, England, Canada, New Zealand, Philippines or any other European or Asian democracy that I am aware of.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question)
It has been a year since I started writing my Graduate Journal column for Nature Jobs. The past 12 months have been marked with..................... changes and fundamental constants, both of which I’m glad to have experienced.
When I enrolled in my master’s course at Oxford last year, I had come straight from medical school with the decision to leave clinical science for good. Thinking back, I realize that I didn’t put very much weight on this decision at the time. But today, I more clearly understand the.....................of leaving my original profession. When I meet old friends who are now physicians and surgeons, I sense how our views on medical problems have diverged. They..................... the effects of disease and try to eliminate or alleviate them; I try to understand how they come about in the first place. I feel happier working on this side of the problem, although I do occasionally miss clinical work and seeing patients.
However, when I think about the rate at which my medical skills and knowledge have....................., the years spent reading weighty medical textbooks, the hours spent at the bedside, I sometimes wonder if these years were partly a waste of time now that I am pursuing a research career.
Nonetheless, I know the value of my medical education. It is easy to forget the importance of the biosciences when working with model organisms in basic..................... that seem to have nothing to do with a sick child or a suffering elderly person. Yet, I still have..................... memories of the cruel kaleidoscope of severe diseases and how they can strike a human being. I hope to retain these memories as a guide in my current occupation.
consequences, vivid, vivacious, fundamental, dissipated, consequently, scrutinize, research, foundational, eliminate, dissolved
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
In some countries, parallel pre-primary education systems have emerged: those privately provided alongside government ones. A recent study following children in 362 villages in three Indian States showed that while 85% of children in Assam attend government child- and mother-care centres that also provide non-formal pre-school education (Anganwadis), only 52% do in Andhra Pradesh and 20% in Rajasthan. Meanwhile, about 30% attend private schools in Andhra Pradesh and 40% in Rajasthan, reflecting the enormous growth in private pre-primary schools across rural, urban and tribal areas. Four countries in the region (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives and Nepal) have arrived at public–private partnerships, usually involving state funding for private provision, though often with some fees as well.
In which Indian state are parents most likely to send their children to government run pre-school education centers?
a) Assam
b) Rajasthan
c) Andhra Pradesh
d) Non-Indian state
e) Some other Indian state
Question 2)
Planets which generate magnetic fields in their interiors, such as Earth, Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn, are surrounded by invisible magnetospheres. Their magnetic fields deflect the charged particles of the solar wind (electrons and protons) as they stream away from the Sun. This deflection creates a magnetosphere – a protective “bubble” around the planet – which ends in an elongated magnetotail on the lee side of the magnetosphere.Since Venus has no intrinsic magnetic field to act as a shield against incoming charged particles, the solar wind sometimes interacts directly with the upper atmosphere. However, Venus is partially protected by an induced magnetic field.
As on Earth, solar ultraviolet radiation removes electrons from the atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere, creating a region of electrically charged gas known as the ionosphere. This ionised layer interacts with the solar wind and the magnetic field carried by the solar wind.During the continuous battle with the solar wind, this region of the upper atmosphere is able to slow and divert the flow of particles around the planet, creating a magnetosphere, shaped rather like a comet’s tail, on the lee side of the planet
Which of the following explains how Venus is protected from solar winds despite the absence of a magnetic field?
a) Venus has an invisible magnetosphere which forms an invisible bubble around it.
b) Ionosphere of Venus interacts with solar wind creating something like a magnetosphere on one side of the planet.
c) Solar ultraviolet radiation removes electrons from the atoms making them harmless.
d) Venushasacomet like tail that protects it from the incoming solar winds.
e) Venus has no intrinsic magnetic field and thus is not impacted by the solar winds in the first place.
PTE Practice Questions
Listening- Fill in the blanks
You will hear a recording. Type the missing words in each blank.
Question 1)
Carbon-rich soil is dark, ....................and fertile, and retains some water. But erosion can occur if soil is dry, which is a likely effect if it contains .....................amounts of carbon. Erosion is of course bad for people trying to grow crops or ............... animals on that ...................... In the 1970s and 80s, Lal was studying soils in Africa so .......................
of organic matter that the ground had become extremely hard, like cement. There he met a....................... in the study of global warming, who suggested that carbon from the soil had moved into the atmosphere. This is now looking ...............likely.
Question 2)
What she was interested in was marine............................ things like................ And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots, and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at ......................between ocean currents, and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these ...............feed on. So now people who want to protect the species that are.................need to get as much information as possible. For example, there’s an international project called the Census of Marine Life.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Question)
Birds and people both enjoy urban woodlands that have been cleared to just the right degree. This is the conclusion of scientists at the University of Gothenburg who have carried out large-scale field experiments in urban woodlands in south-western Sweden.Three out of four people want a mixture of open and untouched forest for rambling. At the same time, we can see that birds do well and continue to nest in woodlands where less than 50% has been cleared. The natural environment close to urban areas is becoming evermore important as more people choose to live in cities. Biological diversity is relatively high in Swedish urban woodlands, while these areas are important also for recreation and outdoor activities. The woodlands must be managed correctly, in order to preserve their ecological and social values.
The number of nesting birds fell in the areas of 90% clearance, while the 50% clearance did not have any detrimental effect on the number of birds. Predation by birds had a large effect on arthropods in the understory, and this means that an important food resource for insect-eating birds is removed when the understory is cleared.The recreational value of the forest has also been investigated by Erik Heyman in two types of experiment. In the first, photographs of the cleared forests were shown to experimental subjects, who were then asked to assess them. In the second, cameras were given to subjects, who were then asked to photograph liked and disliked places along a rambling path through the woodlands.
PTE Practice Questions
Listening- Multiple Choice Choose Multiple Answers
Listen to the recording and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. You will need to select more than one response.
1)
How does the professor develop the topic of tsunamis?
a) By comparing tsunamis and floods
b) By describing causes of tsunamis
c) By sharing his experience of a tsunami
d) By giving examples of tsunamis
2)
What can be said about sugar, based on the passage?
a) Naturally occurring sugar in fruits and milk is not bad for health
b) People should be careful about the amount of sugar they consume from manufactured
c) World Health Organisation recommends no food should contain more than six teaspoons of sugar
d) People in UK consume the most sugar in the world averaging 15 teaspoons a day
e) Food packaging doesn't correctly represent the amount of sugar in foods
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
There are two_____ branches of the science of astronomy: observational and theoretical. Observational astronomy, as the name suggests is _____ with observing the skies and then analyzing the observations, using the principles of physics. Theoretical astronomy_____ more on developing computer or analytical models to describe astronomical phenomena. The two fields_____ each other, with observational astronomers attempting to_____ theoretical results, and theoreticians aiming to explain what has been observed.
compulsory, basic, confirm, content, focusses, concerned, complement, focused, complete, publish
Question 2)
The creative_____ is the act of making new connections between old ideas or recognizing relationships between concepts. Creative_____ is not about_____ something new from a blank state, but_____ about taking what is already present and combining those_____ and pieces in a way that has not been done previously.
cycle, generating, thoughts, generation, process, bits, rather, thinking, parts, things
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Question)
After years of analyzing what makes leaders most effective and figuring out who’s got the Right Stuff, management gurus now know how to boost the odds of getting a great executive: Hire a female.
The idea that women are effective leaders has jumped from the writers of feminist trade books on management to the mainstream press and is steadily making its way into the popular culture. Articles in newspapers and business magazines reveal a cultural realignment in the United States that proclaims a new era for female leaders. As Business Week announces that women have the ‘‘Right Stuff’’ Fast Company concurs that ‘‘The future of business depends on women’’. Even more startling is Business Week’s subsequent cover story on the ‘‘New Gender Gap,’’ maintaining that ‘‘Men could become losers in a global economy that values mental power over might’’.
The sharp edge of these female advantage articles must be quite baffling to the many academic leadership researchers who have argued that gender has little relation to leadership style. They might be tempted to conclude that in our postmodernist world the voices of social scientists have not been accorded any special authority. However, to earn the trust of journalists and the public, leadership researchers must approach these issues with sophisticated enough theories and methods that they illuminate the implications of gender in organizational life. Toward this goal, we show that a careful sifting through social scientific evidence, separating wheat from chaff, suggests that contemporary journalists, while surely conveying too simple a message, are expressing some of the new realities associated with women’s rise into elite leadership roles.
Which of the following statements are true about the analysis of female leadership?
a) Increasingly the press has been writing in the favor of female readers.
b) Articles suggesting female advantage in leadership are no longer limited just to niche feminist magazines.
c) Research into the role of gender in leadership closely aligns with what is being portrayed in the media.
d) Social scientists mostly agree with the view of journalists who write supporting female leadership.
e) Journalists have a responsibility to carefully analyze the existing research on the role of gender in leadership before writing anything about it.
f) Everyone now agrees that hiring a female leader is the best decision a corporate can make.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Question)
Human remains are a fundamental part of the archaeological record, offering unique insights into the lives of individuals and populations in the past. Recently a new set of challenges to the study of human remains has emerged from a rather unexpected direction: the British government revised its interpretation of nineteenth-century burial legislation in a way that would drastically curtail the ability of archaeologists to study human remains of any age excavated in England and Wales. This paper examines these extraordinary events and the legal, political and ethical questions that they raise.
In April 2008 the British government announced that, henceforth, all human remains archaeologically excavated in England and Wales should be reburied after a two-year period of scientific analysis. Not only would internationally important prehistoric remains have to be returned to the ground, removing them from public view, but also there would no longer be any possibility of long-term scientific investigation as new techniques and methods emerged and developed in the future. Thus, while faunal remains, potsherds, artefacts and environmental samples could be analysed and re-analysed in future years, human remains were to be effectively removed from the curation process. Archaeologists and other scientists were also concerned that this might be the first step towards a policy of reburying all human remains held in museum collections in England and Wales including prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, Viking and Medieval as well as more recent remains.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Basic understanding of the concept of qualitative research................. is necessary to appreciate the program. Hence, the workshop will start with some................. input sessions so as to help the participants to brush the knowledge in basic research................. . These sessions will be followed by software enabled practical training with demonstration. Thus both theoretical and practical................. will be arranged so that the participants could understand................. and able to meaningfully interpret the output.
nomenclature, methodology, sessions, theory, methods, aspects, appreciate, theoretical, appreciation
Question 2)
Matthew Josephson does an................. job of covering the life and works of Thomas Alva Edison. The author of the book covered every aspect of Thomas Edison’s life form the time his grandparents lived in the original thirteen colonies to the point where he was born in Milan, Ohio and later up to the point where he died in 1931. Thomas Alva Edison was both a scientist and an inventor. When he was born in 1847, Edison would see................. change take place in his lifetime. He was also to be responsible for making many of those changes occur. When Edison was born, society, society still thought of electricity as a................. , a fad. By the time he died, entire cities were lit by electricity.
Much of the credit for that progress goes to Edison. In his lifetime, Edison patented 1,093 inventions earning him the nickname “The Wizard of Menlo Park.” The most famous of his inventions was the................. light build. It was quite a time consuming process and quite interesting how Thomas Edison went about finding the right fiber for his incandescent bulb. He went so far as to send people around the world after various fibers he tested as possible fibers for his light bulb. Besides the light bulb, Edison developed the phonograph and the “kinetoscope,” a small box for viewing moving films. Thomas Edison is also the first person in the US to make his own filmstrip. He also................. upon the original design of the stock ticker, the telegraph, and Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone. He believed in hard work, sometimes working twenty hours a day or more, depending upon the situation.
He has been known to spend several days working on one project without sleep until it worked. Edison was quoted as saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.” In................. to this important American, electric lights in the United States are dimmed for one minute on October 21, 1931, a few days after his death.
exhilarating, troubling, novelty, improved, excellent, problem, dedication, tremendous, tribute, incandescent, indentation, improvised
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question)
Passionate. Creative. Resourceful. Driven to Learn. That’s how Lee Ann Kidwell and Jennifer Hurst describe the children they interact with each day as preschool teachers for Day Early Learning. However, those same words are often used to describe great teachers, and they can certainly be used to describe this mother and daughter who have made a career out of educating Indiana’s youngest learners.
As a military wife, Lee Ann often found herself running her household and serving as the primary caregiver for her three young children while her husband was serving in the Navy. During that time, she decided to run a home-based child care so she could teach her children while also providing help to other families.
“I started caring for kids in my home, but once I decided this was a good career for me, I moved on to work in Navy child care centers,” said Lee Ann. “That is where I learned what quality care looks like.” Nearly 95 percent of the Department of Defense’s more than 800 centers are accredited by the National Association for the Education of Young Children and are considered among the highest quality centers.
Which of the following can be thought of as the reason behind Lee Ann’s choice of career?
a)She was always passionate about teacher younger children.
b)She was influenced by her daughter Jennifer Hurst’s decision to become a preschool teacher.
c)She wanted to teach her own children while also helping others.
d)She was given the opportunity by Navy to join the Navy child care centres.
e) She wanted to fill in the spare time in her day to day schedule.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question)
a) In 1999 two-thirds of the debt rated triple B by standard and poor was priced within 20 basis points of the average bond with the same rating.
b) Their meticulous reports giving ratings for corporate bonds are designed to give an accurate picture of the bonds riskiness and ultimately the probability of default.
c) The credit rating agencies use legions of high trained analyst with access to top management.
d) Lately, the credit-rating agencies have struggled to keep up.
e) It seems a bond rating tells you even less about the price that investors are willing to pay.
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question:
Over the last ten thousand years there seem to have been two separate and conflicting building sentiments throughout the history of towns and cities. ..........(a)................ is the desire to start again, for a variety of reasons: an earthquake or a tidal wave may have demolished the settlement, or fire destroyed it, or the new city ..........(b)................a new political beginning. The other can be likened to the effect of a magnet: established settlements attract people, who ...........(c)............. come whether or not there is any planning for their arrival. The clash between these two sentiments is evident in every established city .........(d).................. its development has been almost completely accidental or is lost in history. Incidentally, many settlements have been planned from the beginning but, for a variety of reasons, no settlement followed the plan. A good example is Currowan, on the Clyde River in New South Wales, which.......(e).......... in the second half of the 19th century, in expectation that people would come to establish agriculture and a small port. But no one came. Most country towns in New South Wales started with an original survey, whose grid lines are still there today in the pattern of the original streets.
Options:
a) One , It, What, This
b) does, marks, is, causes
c) tend to, used to, ought to, had to
d) unless, whenever, whereas, until
e) was surveyed, has been surveyed, could be surveyed/had surveyed
PTE Practice Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Waves gently................ along the shore. Sunlight................from a cloudless sky. Miles of seemingly-endless sand joining the horizon. Sounds pretty peaceful, doesn't it? And for many of us who spend most weekday hours indoors, it doesn't take much................ to peel off the layers and catch some sun.But if you do need more reasons to hit the beach, find out how the surf, sun, and sand can ................ your physical and mental health.
passion, streaming , decrease, persuasion, boost, crashing, motivated
Question 2)
The ................. foods recommended under the Mediterranean diet are healthy in their own right. Eating more fruits and vegetables (full of antioxidants), for example, reduces risk for mortality — and fruits and vegetables are among the core group of foods each Mediterranean meal should be based off. If not fruits and vegetables, than it’s a................ between whole grains, olive oil, beans, nuts, legumes and seeds, and/or herbs and spices.There’s also something to be said for the amount of fish Mediterranean diets ................ , at least two................each week.
contaminated, individual, choice, consume, servings, link, state
PTE Practice Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Question)
Online safety is often used interchangeably with terms such as internet safety, cybersafety, internet security, online security and cyber security, although these terms can relate to different aspects of online engagement. For example, the risk of using computers, mobile phones and other electronic devices to access the internet and social media is that breaches of privacy may lead to fraud, identity theft and unauthorised access to personal information. Other risks for children and young people include image-based abuse, cyberbullying, stalking and exposure to unreliable information or illicit materials.Criminal offenders are highly skilled at exploiting new modes of communication to gain access to children and young people, and children and young people can easily access adults-only material if there are no protective mechanisms in place.
These situations can place a child or young person's emotional and physical wellbeing at risk. This is particularly the case where little or no attention has been paid to monitoring use, communicating with children or young people about use or securing the device being used. In these cases, and for the purpose of this paper, online safety is a child protection issue.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question 1)
IT may well change the way you live, yet again. Welcome to the world of mobile commerce, where your hand–held device, be it a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or any other wireless application will soon be used for commercial transactions. Skeptical? Consider these facts. In Japan, mobile phones are used for location based services where the mobile service provider ties up with a host of other players such as restaurants, car rental companies etc. When the mobile user enters that zone, messages from all these players are flashed on the mobile device. Location based services are provided in several other countries as well.
Which of the following most accurately summarises the opinion of the author in the text?
a) Location based services are the new craze in technology savvy Japan.
b) Service providers in Japan are networking to squeeze the client.
c) Mobile commerce is the next big thing on the technology block.
d) Location based services are becoming fashionable these days.
Question 2)
The coastal wetlands have environmental and economic importance. Wetlands provide natural wealth. They have important filtering capabilities. As the run off water passes, they retain excess nutrients and some pollutants. They maintain water flow during dry periods. Thousands of people depend on groundwater for drinking. They act as natural sponges of flood waters and contain soil erosion. They control floods and save the buildings from collapsing during heavy rains. The hardwood-riparian wetlands along the Mississippi River can store sixty days of floodwater.
Which of the following could be a suitable heading for the paragraph?
a)The Filtering Mechanism of Wetlands
b) Riparian Wetlands along the Mississippi
c) Wetlands- A Great Source of Water During the Dry Summer Days
d) The Ecological Functions and Economic Values of Coastal Wetlands
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) For some time, researchers have suspected a link between obesity and psychiatric complications like depression.
b) However, it has not been clear whether unhealthy eating habits actually affect the brain.
c) This could help improve the current understanding of how obesity and excessive weight gain affect the body.
d) A diet high in fat and sugar may restrict cognitive abilities after just one week.
Question 2)
a) Sea levels have risen significantly faster in some US East Coast regions compared to others.
b) But the seas aren't rising at the same rate everywhere.
c) Sea levels are rising globally from ocean warming and melting of land ice.
d) The cause for this could be more recent melting of glaciers and ice sheets in such regions.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
In the past, learning English as a separate subject seemed relatively easy. The textbook selected and graded items of language which were put into context and then practised intensively. New items were carefully controlled so that the student could cope quite easily. Now that English is used as a medium of instruction, however, all this has changed. Unknown items of grammar and vocabulary appear in texts which attempt to explain new and often difficult information. Difficulties with the language interact with difficulties as regards the subject matter. The student's reading in his own subject slows down, and his comprehension becomes less secure. He expresses himself slowly and often fails to convey his ideas exactly. He is disappointed to find that under pressure he makes a lot of unnecessary mistakes in areas where he knows the correct language forms. His social relations are difficult as he cannot find the right phrase quickly enough to keep a conversation going, so his language often betrays him into dullness, coldness, or worst of all, rudeness. Instead of the student being in control of the language, the language seems now to be in control of the student.
All this can be very depressing and the student can start to feel anxious. Working in a foreign language is also very tiring, and the concentration and self-discipline required to correct one's mistake is very great indeed.
Which of the following statements about learning English can be supported from the text?
(a) Learning of English as a subject is the more difficult part.
(b) Learning of English as a medium of instruction is the more difficult part.
(c) Language may hinder understanding of the subject.
(d) Learning of English as a medium of instruction is the easier part.
(e) Learning of English as a subject is the easier part.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Circumstantial evidence suggests that if the basic building ................... of life are seen scattered in space, why not life itself? In the sixties, there started inter-disciplinary discussions about ................... life. The astronomers can tell what are the likely sites for life and how many of them are there in our Milky Way Galaxy of stars. Biologists have to decide what is it that ................... the life-mechanism and where among the various astronomical sites it is likely to occur. Then, the evolutionists have to say how a simple living system can develop over what time................... into a complex intelligent species. Experts in artificial intelligence, communications and information transfer are needed to resolve the problem of contacting such species if they ................... . And the social scientists need to assess the lifetime of an advanced civilisation.
Options:
a) cells, spans, blocks, designs
b) primitive, extra-terrestrial, native, paranormal
c) imperils, invokes, collapses, triggers
d) span, lag, test, sequence
e) hold, exist, desire, die
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) It also will give him something worthwhile to live for.
b) If he fails, it may have been due to troubles in his home, his school or unsympathetic and hostile relative.
c) The finest asset any child can have is a happy home.
d) If he exhibits good judgment in later years, much of the credit must go to those who trained him.
e) Such an environment will enable him to develop strength and stability of character thereby teaching him to face the future without fear or undue anxiety.
Question 2)
a) During this time, I succeeded in learning to read and write.
b) I lived in Master Hugh family for seven years.
c) I had no regular teacher.
d) Mrs. Hugh, who had kindly consented to instruct me, had, in compliance with the advice and direction of her husband, not only ceased to instruct but had set her face against my being instructed by anyone else.
e) In accomplishing this, I was compelled to resort to various stratagems.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
According to researchers, the invisibility cloak illusion stems from the belief that we are much more socially observant than the people around us. This means that, while we watch and wonder about other people as much as possible, we often think that people around us are less aware. This illusion occurs because, while we are fully aware of our own impressions and speculations about other people, we have no idea about what those other people are thinking unless they choose to share with us, something that rarely happens except in exceptional circumstances.
To better understand what is happening, it is important to consider the groundbreaking research by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman on cognitive biases. When people make judgments about other people in social situations, they often depend on specific biases such as the availability heuristic, i. e., that we attach more significance to thoughts that come to mind easily. This is why we consider thoughts about other people as being more important than thoughts about inanimate objects. And so, as we look around us, we tend to focus our thoughts on the people we see and what they happen to be doing. Which is why people-watching can be so addictive.
What adds to the sense that we are relatively invisible to others is that people tend to be as discreet as possible about their people-watching. Just because other people aren ‘ t sharing their observations with us, it ‘ s easy to pretend that they are not as observant as we are. Of course, people may share their people-watching observations with anyone they happen to be with but, for the most part, that only applies to something remarkable enough to comment on. For most of us, what we are seeing tends to be extremely private and not to be shared with others.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Every visit to a specialist physician and every prescription made are recorded in national data bases.
b) In Sweden, every person carries a unique personal number.
c) Even dog ownership registration is mandatory in Sweden since 2001.
d) This studied whether having a parent registered as dog-owner.
Question 2)
a) Advertising then tends to focus significantly on announcement of in store promotions and events, where the payoffs in terms of immediate increases in customer entry and average cash memo size are more visible.
b) The focused brand image which leads to pithy, punchy advertising has been difficult because most retailers have not been focused in terms of their own vision for their retail brand. Most advertising has tended to focus on the presence of locations or the range.
c)The lack of significant players with national reach is only one of the factors that explains the relatively low attention given to mass marketing by the retail sector in India.
d)Mass marketing by Indian retail chains has hitherto been the exception rather than the rule.
e) The inherent expectations of a high short-term return on advertising investment that is common to most traders who are attempting to scale up operations is not conductive to a long-term consistency in advertising direction.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Tomato lovers rejoice: Adding or ..........(a)............a few simple steps in commercial processing could dramatically improve the flavor of this popular fruit sold in the grocery store. Ideally, tomatoes should be picked ripe and then sold immediately, as they are at farm stands. But this isn't always possible for commercially sold tomatoes, which are often stored and then shipped over long distances. To prevent tomatoes from becoming too ripe before they reach the store, growers pick them when they are still green. Packers then use a gas called ethylene to..........(b)............ fruit ripening, and after that, the tomatoes are stored and shipped at low temperatures. The problem is that chilling tomato..........(c)............ their flavor. In an effort to improve the flavor quality, his team developed a slightly different method. To produce a better tasting tomato, we added a hot water pre-treatment step to the usual
.....(d).........that growers follow. We found that this pre-treatment step prevents flavor loss due to chilling.
Options:
a) managing, modifying, putting, rearranging
b) motivate, trigger, control, modify
c) enhances, increases, degrades, purify
d) protocol, item, substance, tricks
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
The face, though better preserved than most of the statue, has been battered by centuries of weathering and vandalism. In 1402, an Arab historian reported that a Sufi zealot had disfigured it “to remedy some religious errors.” Yet there are clues to what the face looked like in its prime. Archaeological excavations in the early 19th century found pieces of its carved stone beard and a royal cobra emblem from its headdress. Residues of red pigment are still visible on the face, leading researchers to conclude that at some point, the Sphinx’s entire visage was painted red. Traces of blue and yellow paint elsewhere suggest to Lehner that the Sphinx was once decked out in gaudy comic book colors.
For thousands of years, sand buried the colossus up to its shoulders, creating a vast disembodied head atop the eastern edge of the Sahara. Then, in 1817, a Genoese adventurer, Capt. Giovanni Battista Caviglia, led 160 men in the first modern attempt to dig out the Sphinx. They could not hold back the sand, which poured into their excavation pits nearly as fast as they could dig it out. The Egyptian archaeologist Selim Hassan finally freed the statue from the sand in the late 1930s. “The Sphinx has thus emerged into the landscape out of shadows of what seemed to be an impenetrable oblivion,” the New York Times declared.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Infosys and Wipro, our two most glamorous infotech companies, both want automatic permission from FIPB to
take over foreign companies worth - hold your breath - $ 15 billion each.
b) Even as Indians leftists think Bill Clinton is coming to take over India, Indian companies are preparing to take over
American ones on a gargantuan scale.
c) Now Infosys and Wipro propose of Rs 54,000 crore each.
d) To put this in perspective, recall that when Chandan sold his Parle brands to Coca-Cola amidst much swadeshi wringing of hands, he got a reported Rs 200 crore.
Question 2)
a) People found work in transporting the goods or selling them.
b) Eventually, people got a greater variety of things to choose from.
c) Merchants soon grew rich as the demand for products increased.
d)Trade started from person to person but grew to involve different towns in different lands.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
A new survey reveals that a family sit-down at dinnertime may reduce a teenager’s risk of trying or using alcohol, cigarettes and drugs. The study surveyed more than 1,000 teens and found that those who dined with their families five to seven times a week were four times less likely to use alcohol, tobacco or marijuana than those who ate with their families fewer than three times a week. A recent UK survey also found that dining together as a family is a key ingredient in ensuring a child’s happiness. Children in the survey reported higher levels of happiness when they dined together with their families at least three times a week. “Contrary to the popular belief that children only want to spend time playing video games or watching TV,” said researcher Dr. Maris Iacovou of the University of Essex, “we found that they were most happy when interacting with their parents or siblings.”
What would be the best title for the given text?
a) Children’s happiness
b) Why teenagers use alcohol, cigarettes and drugs
c) What teenagers really want
d) Why families should dine together
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.(PTE Real Exam Questions)
Question 1)
Hybrid vehicles combine two sources of such ……………… as a battery-powered electric motor and a conventional internal combustion engine. The driver decides which source of power is …………………….. for a given journey. Short …………… to the grocery store or the post office could use the electric motor, while weekends in the country may …………… the internal combustion engine. The Honda Insight and the Toyota Prius are popular hybrid cars.
best, energy , trip , appropriate , jaunts , require , propellant , need
Question 2)
Observations on earth structure and processes were made by a number of the ancients, including Herodotus, Aristotle, Lucretius, Strabo, and Seneca. Their individual efforts in the natural history of the earth, however, provided no ……………….. progress. Their major contribution is that they attributed the …………… they observed to natural and not supernatural causes. Many of the ideas expressed by these men were not to ……………… until the Renaissance. Later Leonardo da Vinci correctly speculated on the nature of fossils as remains of ancient ………………… and on the role that rivers play in the erosion of land.
process , substantial , reemerged , beings , sustained , phenomena , resurface , organisms
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Playing is as natural for children as breathing. They play because they are so full of animal spirits and so overcharged with muscular energy that they must expend it by playing. Running, jumping and other physical activities build their muscles and tone their motor development. It is all instinctive. Playing is learningMoreover, playing involves imagination, imitation and ‘make-believe’ and thus contributes to the development of the child’s mind also. In playing a child makes friends, develops the qualities of leadership and learns to function in a group. This develops his social responsibility. Moreover, playing is a rehearsal of those activities which will be useful to them in life. For example, when girls play with dolls they practice being mothers and when boys play policeman game, they prepare themselves for active outdoor life. Playing is a therapy Psychologists believe that playing also acts as a therapy for the child; it serves as an emotional vent. It gives him/her much-needed cathartic release. Children play to make up for defeats, sufferings and everyday frustration. He may have been scolded by a teacher or bullied by a class mate. Playing is advisable is, therefore, necessary that parents should let the children play when it is time to play. Some parents force their children to study as it is thought to be far more useful for life than play. It is a mistake on their part to think play as a waste of time. Through the experience of play, a child enriches his life and becomes not only physically strong but also emotionally.
Which of the following statements about playing can be supported from the text?
a) All children love to play.
b) Playing releases pent-up feelings.
c) Parents forbid their children from playing.
d) Playing enables children to pay back love and affection.
e) Playing is a preparation for the business of life.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Orville and Wilbur Wright were brothers living in Dayton, Ohio. The two had started making bicycles during the 1890s and had a successful small business selling their Wright Specials for $18 each ($475 in today’s green). This experience with building light, strong machines would prove valuable in the coming years after the brothers’ interest turned to flight. Others in the United States were also developing aircraft at the time the Wright brothers started turning their curiosity skyward. Samuel Langley had flown an unmanned steam-powered aircraft in 1896. Octave Chanute and others were flying gliders near Chicago late in the decade as well. But it wasn’t until the Wright brothers started working on the matter that the “flying problem” would finally be solved.
Beginning in 1899, the brothers designed and built a series of gliders to test their various ideas on a flying machine. They constructed a wind tunnel that allowed them to test designs without having to build a full-size model. They even built their own gasoline-powered motor for their aircraft.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Change is characterised by 'reactivity'. Most of us live in the domain of change both as individuals and as organisations.
b) More organisations today seek a transformation in their businesses, yet most of them think of and talk about
managing change.
c) The characteristics of transformation are positive and actually creative. They stem from a new found sense of
purposefulness, once a higher purpose is discovered.
d) Clearly, we all aspire to live in the domain of transformation even if we presently are in the domain of change.
e) The implications of this conflict will not be fully appreciated until we learn to distinguish between change and
transformation.
Question 2)
a) In September 1522 Victoria, the sole survivor of the Armada, limped into the Spanish port San Lucar, manned by a skeleton crew of 15, so weak they could not talk
b) It was to sail to the spice islands of the Malayan Archipelago where they were to exchange an assortment of bells, mirrors, and scissors for cinnamon and cloves.
c) Its cargo consisted of 38 sacks of spices and Magellan himself had been hacked to pieces on the beach of Mactan in the Philippines
d) In September 1519 the Armada de Molucca of five ships and 250 sailors has set out from San Lucar de Barrameda under the command of Fernando de Magellan
e) So contrary to popular belief it was the crew of the Victoria who were the first men to have sailed around the globe
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Question 1)
Women with higher levels of educational ............. generally minimized the informational value of both reality and.............. television. Primarily described using reality programming to educate their existing children about pregnancy and as entertainment. Women who described reality programs as part of their comprehensive approach to .............. gathering tended to have lower levels of educational attainment. That’s not to say highly-educated women.......... these kinds of shows are of no value. Some women saw reality TV as an opportunity to educate their children about pregnancy, birth, and welcoming new siblings.
information, attractive, minimise, fictional, educate, assume, attainment
Question 2)
Am I having a panic attack or a heart attack? The question has certainly....................... the racing minds of people who have experienced a cluster of symptoms including discomfort in the chest, increased sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath and trembling. Medical tests are the only way to confirm the type of attack as there are no single defining characteristics that can surely determine either one. But understanding the context, the symptoms, and the risk factors can always provide clues. Panic attacks are a characterizing feature of panic disorders, but they can also be tied to other psychological conditions such as ................ disorder or social anxiety disorder. So while mental health is the main risk factor for panic attacks, physical health plays a bigger role in the case of heart attacks. Factors can include age, cholesterol levels, body weight, blood pressure, diet etc. Many doctors note the nature of the pain may help ............ what kind of attack it has been induced by. Sharp chest pain or pain.............. to one small area are linked to panic attacks. This.............. pain usually lasts for 5 to 10 seconds.
discomfort, interrupted, panic, determine, linked localized, obsessive, stabbing, psychological
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Hospital foods are notorious for not hitting the spot during a patient’s stay in a stiff, sterile bed, and even though in recent years the standards for hospital meals have risen considerably, it’s still a concern throughout the world. Those who end up in a public hospital are much less likely to receive healthy, filling, and delicious meals, which is shocking considering the hospital is where you go when you’re sick. If you’re not being treated for high blood pressure or type 2 diabetes the day you’re admitted to the hospital, you may be down the road if you’re eating the typically tasteless food they supply.
The Health Hospital Food Initiative was implemented in 2012 by the New York City Department of health and Mental Hygiene and aims to supply patients with healthier meals in New York City hospitals. With the Initiative comes a list of standards for hospitals to abide by, along with beverage and food vending machine requirements, food and drink advertisements within the hospital, and of course the meals supplied to the patients during their stay.
According to those standards, the hospital must supply all sandwiches, salads, and entrees that are 700 calories or less, and at least half of the meals supplied must have no more than 500 calories. It goes beyond simple calorie counting. If a 12-ounce portion of soup is served, it can’t contain more than 720 milligrams of sodium, and the implementation supplies a list of ways to reduce sodium, such as watching soup can- and broth-based food labels and asking for “no salt added” options. In the last 50 years, the food portions have tripled and quadrupled in size across the country, including the hospital meal portions, making it a major contributor to the obesity crisis in America.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) When the RBI governor came to inaugurate the new printing press, the local unit of the BJP handed him a gift wrapped box
b) The unsuspecting governor opened the box in full view of the gathering.
c) What came out was very large garland made out of currency notes.
d) There was a twist – the notes were all as tattered as notes could get box.
Question 2)
a) Wal-Mart has increased its Procter & Gamble diaper business by 50 percent and cut inventory by 70 percent because of this collaboration.
b) They wanted to explore how they could jointly apply quality management principles to the disposable diaper business.
c) Several years ago, senior executives from Procter & Gamble and Wal-Mart met for two days.
d) As a result of this meeting, a team of Procter & Gamble employees moved to Bentonville, Arkansas, Wal-Mart's headquarters, to work with Wal-Mart executives on productivity and quality issues.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Question)
Modern education attaches great importance to learning through doing. It is fully recognized that the knowledge gained by actually doing the task is more effective and lasting than that gained through mere reading. That is why all the modern methods of education give top priority to some hand-work round which they base the teaching of the curriculum.
In the past, whereas education laid stress on the training of three R’s i.e. Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, modern education attaches great importance to the training of three H’s i.e. Head, Heart, and Hand. It has been realized that the head, the heart, and the hand get the best training through self-activity with hands and brain, especially when carried out in cooperation with others. Mere reading of books or listening to others does not help much in this direction.
In modern education, the student is not merely a passive listener but is an active participant in the process of education. In the past, it was the teacher who did most of the talking. Now it is the student who is expected to be more active and up and doing and the teacher is merely a guide. For the healthy development of the mind, it is most essential that the student should be an active giver and not merely a passive receiver. It is this activity of the mind which will lead to emotional integration, so necessary for a healthy person. If the child is merely a recipient, all the time listening to his teachers, his own personality gets dwarfed because the teachers’ personalities dominate over his personality.
Which of the following statements about modern education can be supported from the text?
1. A basic craft is compulsory in the curriculum of modern education.
2. Knowledge gained through practical training is permanent.
3. It lays greater emphasis on activity-based training.
4. Here the teacher plays merely a supportive/facilitating role.
5. Modern education provides greater opportunity for the development of a distinctive personality.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
Question)
Male lions are rather reticent about expanding their energy in hunting. More than three quarters of kills are made by lionesses that are in front, tensely scanning ahead, the cubs lag playfully behind and the males bring up the rear, walking slowly, their massive heads nodding with each step as if they were bored with the whole matter. But slothfulness may have survival value. With lionesses busy hunting, the males function as guard for the cubs, protecting them particularly from hyenas.
According to the passage male lions generally do not go for huntings because
a). they do not like it.
b). they want lioness to get training
c). they wish to save their vigour for other things
d). they are very lazy
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Social inequality refers to disparities in the .......................of economic assets and income as well as between the overall quality and luxury of each person's existence within a society, while economic inequality is caused by
the ....................... accumulation of wealth; social inequality exists because the lack of wealth in certain areas ....................... these people from obtaining the same housing, health care, etc. as the wealthy, in societies where access to these social goods depends on wealth. Social inequality is linked to racial inequality, gender inequality, and wealth inequality.The way people behave ......................., through racist or sexist practices and other forms of discrimination, tends to trickle down and affect the opportunities and wealth individuals can generate for themselves. Shapiro presents a hypothetical example of this in his book, The Hidden Cost of Being African American, in which he tries to ....................... the level of inequality on the "playing field for blacks and whites."One example he presents reports how a black family was denied a bank loan to use for housing, while a white family was approved. As being a homeowner is an important method in acquiring wealth, this situation created fewer opportunities for the black family to acquire wealth, producing social inequality.
normally, contribution, equal, prohibits, socially, demonstrate, manage, distribution, unequal
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Fill in the blanks
Below is text with blanks. From the options given below, choose the correct word for each blank to
complete the text.
Order is a living thing, not mechanical, and order surely is a ........(a)........... A mind that is confused, conforming, imitating, is not orderly – it is in ........(b).......... . And a mind that is in conflict is disorderly and therefore, such a mind has no virtue. Out of this enquiry, out of learning, comes order, and order is a virtue. Please observe it in yourself, see how disordered one is in one’s life, so confused, so mechanical. In that state one tries to find a moral way of living, which will be ........(c)...........and sane. How can a mind that is confused, conforming, imitative, have any kind of order, any kind of virtue? The social morality, as you observe, is totally immoral; it may be ........(d)..........., but what is respectable is generally disorderly.
Order is necessary because only out of order can there be a total action and action is life. But our action brings disorder; there is political action, religious action, business action, family action – they are fragmentary actions. And naturally, such action is contradictory. You are a businessman and at home, you are a kind human being at least you pretend to be; there is ........(e)........... and therefore, there is a disorder. A mind that is in disorder cannot possibly understand what virtue is. And nowadays, when there is permissiveness of every kind, virtue and order are denied.
Options:
a) necessary, desirable, virtue, high, lively
b) peace, turmoil, balance, regret, conflict
c)orderly, moral, correct, imitative, enquiring
d) desirable, respectable, explicable, knowable, livable
e)fragmentation, correction, change, contradiction, sanity
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
Mammals can be one of the hardest-hit groups by habitat loss, and a lot of research has been carried out to find the best ways to conserve mammal diversity. Much of this research has focused on very large-scale changes in land use and the impacts this will have on overall mammal diversity. However, many important decisions about land use are made at much more local scales, for example at the level of individual landowners.
Now, in a detailed study led by Imperial College London that looked at mammal diversity across different small-scale landscapes in Borneo, researchers have identified previously logged forests as an overlooked source of refuge for mammals. These ‘selectively logged’ forests, where only certain tree species are removed, are often considered to be degraded and are frequently cleared to make way for plantations. The new results, published in the journal Ecological Applications, suggest they should be better protected. The team recorded mammals using trap-and-release techniques and motion-sensing cameras over three years, creating an unprecedented 20,000 records of species in three land-use types: old-growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation. This is one of the most intensive studies of rainforest mammal diversity ever undertaken.
To their surprise, they found that mammal diversity for large mammals, like the clouded leopard and civets, was similar for both old-growth forests and logged forests. For small mammals, such as squirrels and rodents, the diversity was actually higher in logged forests.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
Small, localised enterprises are becoming ever-more imaginative in identifying opportunities to boost tourism for their areas. A more unusual attraction is the Old Man of the Lake, which is the name given to a 9-metre-tall tree stump that has been bobbing vertically in Oregon's Crater Lake since at least 1896. For over one hundred years, it has been largely ignored but recently it has become a must-see item on the list of lake attractions. Since January 2012, tour boats regularly include the Old Man on their sightseeing trips around the lake.
At the waterline, the stump is about 60 centimetres in diameter, and the exposed part stands approximately 120 centimetres above the surface of the water. Over the years, the stump has been bleached white by the elements. The exposed end of the floating tree is splintered and worn but wide and buoyant enough to support a person’s weight.
Observations indicated that the Old Man of Crater Lake travels quite extensively, and sometimes with surprising rapidity. Since it can be seen virtually anywhere on the lake, boat pilots commonly communicate its position to each other as a general matter of safety.
Which THREE of the following statements true of the Old Man of the Lake according to the passage?
a) It has been a tourist attraction for decades.
b) It is a drifting piece of wood.
c) It is close to the edge of Crater Lake.
d) It is owned by a local businessman.
e) It can quickly move about the lake.
f) It can be a danger to boat users.
g) It is too small for someone to stand on
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Feelings are in themselves not observable and Huthwaite's researchers could not measure them directly.
b) The general impressions that skilled negotiators seem to convey is they are people who keep their cards close to
their chest and do not reveal their feelings.
c) This contrasts sharply with the amount of information given about external events such as facts, clarifications and
general expressions of opinion.
d) The results showed that contrary to the general impressions, skilled negotiators are more likely to give information
about internal events than are average negotiators.
e) Hence, they used a surrogate method- they countered the number of times that the negotiators talked about their
feelings or motives.
Question 2)
a) Economic says that a market has failed when the market does not provide efficient outcomes for society.
b) Markets fail for a variety of reasons.
c) The government of India directs substantial bank credit to what it deems are 'priority sectors' for the Indian
economy.
d) Priority sectors include agriculture, small-scale industries, housing, exports, etc.
e) It is not clear how sectors get identified for the priority tag, as there is no clearly articulated logic.
f) In my view, a priority sector should be an area of market failure.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. More than one response is correct.
In Asia and much of the Third World, trees are still destroyed in an old-fashioned way: they are cut down for fuel and cropland. In Europe, there is a new and potentially more deadly culprit. The German call it ‘Waldsterben’, the dying forest syndrome. But the disease is far more than a German phenomenon. Since it was first observed by German scientists in the autumn of 1980, the mysterious malady has raced across Europe, blighting woods in countries as far apart as Sweden and Italy. Explanations for the epidemic range from a cyclic change in the environment to a baffling form of tree cancer. But the most convincing evidence points to air pollution. Indeed, saving the rapidly deteriorating forests of Europe will probably require a two-pronged strategy: an offensive campaign that includes the breeding of pollution-immune trees and a defensive scheme that calls for reductions in toxic emissions. But both will require more money than is currently being spent on such measures, as well as total commitment to protecting the environment.
Why do you think the narrator calls the reasons for cutting the trees in the third world countries, ‘old fashioned’?
a)As the countries he is referring to are known as the third world, or under-developed countries.
b) Since science has made available modern and much-developed methods to satisfy these requirements.
c) As the reasons for which the trees are cut are no longer valid in today’s scenario.
d) It is a biased comment on the part of the narrator as it seems he belongs to a highly developed nation or society.
e) As there are modern solutions for the requirement of fuel and cropland available to us now.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading/Writing- Summarise Written Text(SWT)
Read the passage below and summarize it using one sentence in 5-75 words. You have 10 minutes to finish this task.
The face, though better preserved than most of the statue, has been battered by centuries of weathering and vandalism. In 1402, an Arab historian reported that a Sufi zealot had disfigured it “to remedy some religious errors.” Yet there are clues to what the face looked like in its prime. Archaeological excavations in the early 19th century found pieces of its carved stone beard and a royal cobra emblem from its headdress. Residues of red pigment are still visible on the face, leading researchers to conclude that at some point, the Sphinx’s entire visage was painted red. Traces of blue and yellow paint elsewhere suggest to Lehner that the Sphinx was once decked out in gaudy comic book colors.
For thousands of years, sand buried the colossus up to its shoulders, creating a vast disembodied head atop the eastern edge of the Sahara. Then, in 1817, a Genoese adventurer, Capt. Giovanni Battista Caviglia, led 160 men in the first modern attempt to dig out the Sphinx. They could not hold back the sand, which poured into their excavation pits nearly as fast as they could dig it out. The Egyptian archaeologist Selim Hassan finally freed the statue from the sand in the late 1930s. “The Sphinx has thus emerged into the landscape out of shadows of what seemed to be an impenetrable oblivion,” the New York Times declared.
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Multiple-choice, choose a single answer
Read the text and answer the question by selecting all the correct responses. Only one response is correct.
The literature on drug addiction has grown at a rate that defies anyone to keep abreast of the literature, and apparently in inverse proportion to our understanding of the subject. Addiction, or dependence, as it is more fashionable to call it, excites controversy and speculation yet true understanding of the phenomenon remains elusive.In fact the area is fraught with speculation and acrimonious debate. Definition of terms such as drug, addiction, and abuse is obviously less controversial than attempts to explain the nature of drug dependence,yet even the terminology is imprecise and overlain with subjective connotations. At its most basic, a drug, as defined by the World Health Organization, is simply any substance which when taken into the living organism may modify one or more of its functions. This kind of definition is too wide to be of any use in a discussion of dependence: it covers everything from insulin to aspirin, penicillin to alcohol.
The author implies that he thinks the term dependence in the context of drugs
A. is more accurate the older term addiction
B. has not always been the preferred term
C. is a currently under-used term
D. is an avant-garde aberration
E. is more controversial than the term addiction
Practice PTE Questions
Reading- Re-order Paragraph
The text below has been placed in a random order. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the choices given to construct paragraphs.
Question 1)
a) Employees may meet troubles such as contacting and organizing a date and time, arranging accommodation, etc
b) This is especially true when employees are working with a large number of partners.
c) In addition, sometimes you have to find children facility or other health care for the meeting participants.
d) People always think it's easy to organise a meeting; however, there are many potentials can hinder the starting time.
Question 2)
a) Fireworks and special effects will also turn the bridge into a giant Aboriginal flag before the 9pm fireworks display.
b) From 8:40pm, the bridge will be turned into a canvas showing the Welcome to Country ceremony.
c) Fireworks and special effects, including a red "waterfall" from the bridge base, will turn the structure built in 1932 into a giant Aboriginal flag shortly after the sunsets for the last time in 2015.
d) "It's about how we're all so affected by the harbour and its surrounds, how special it is to all of us and how it moves us," said the Welcome to Country's creative director, Rhoda Roberts.
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